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List of exoplanets discovered before 2000

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This is a list of exoplanets discovered before 2000.[1]

For exoplanets detected only by radial velocity, the mass value is actually a lower limit. (See Minimum mass for more information.)

While the existence of a substellar companion to Gamma Cephei was suspected since 1988,[2] the planet Gamma Cephei Ab was not confirmed until 2003,[3] and that is listed as its discovery year in exoplanet databases. Thus, this planet is in the List of exoplanets discovered between 2000–2009.

Name Mass (MJ) Radius (RJ) Period (days) Semi-major axis (AU) Temp. (K) Discovery method Disc. Year Distance (light years) Host star mass (M☉) Host star temp. (K) Remarks and refs
16 Cygni Bb 2.38±0.04 798.5±1 1.693 radial vel. 1996 68.91±0.02 1.010±0.024 5751±11 [a]
23 Librae b 1.8+1.2
−0.2		 258.25±0.025 0.82±0.01 radial vel. 1999 85.39±0.08 1.12+0.01
−0.02		 5762±9 [b]
47 Ursae Majoris b ≥2.395±0.079 1,075.61+0.79
−0.67		 2.06+0.032
−0.033		 200 radial vel. 1996 45.30±0.06 1.02±0.06 5,880±10 [c]Proper name Taphao Thong[7]
51 Pegasi b 0.46±0.02 1.2±0.1 4.230785±0.000036 0.0527±0.0030 1,250 radial vel. 1995 50.64±0.04 1.09±0.02 5,768±8 [d]Proper name Dimidium.[7] First exoplanet discovered orbiting a main sequence star.[11]
55 Cancri b ≥0.868±0.028 14.651552±0.000036 0.118±0.002 700 radial vel. 1996 41.05±0.02 0.905±0.015 5,172±18 [e]Proper name Galileo[7]
70 Virginis b 8.0+2.9
−0.7		 116.69335+0.00093
−0.00097		 0.478+0.004
−0.005		 radial vel. 1996 59.03±0.08 1.09±0.02 5,473±32 [f]
109 Piscium b 6.8+0.9
−0.3		 1,075.50±0.69 2.14 radial vel. 1999 108.1 1.11 5600 [g]
Gliese 86 b 4.42 15.76491 0.11 radial vel. 1999 35.18 0.83 5182
Gliese 876 b 2.2756 61.1166 0.208317 radial vel. 1998 15.25 0.32 3129
HD 75289 b 0.456±0.010 3.50916±0.00002 0.047859±0.000002 1260 radial vel. 1999 94.66±0.05 1.141+0.020
−0.035		 6184±43 [15][16]
HD 89744 b >8.35±0.18 256.78±0.02 0.917±0.009 radial vel. 1999 125.8±0.2 1.37±0.09 6381±43 [17]
HD 130322 b 1.3+0.6
−0.1		 10.70871±0.00018 0.093±0.001 720 radial vel. 1999 104.08±0.09 0.92±0.03 5387±44 [5][16][18]Proper name Eiger[7]
HD 168443 b >8.09+0.24
−0.25		 58.11164±0.00040 0.3006+0.0045
−0.0047		 radial vel. 1998 127.4±0.2 0.995±0.019 5491±44 [19]
HD 177830 b 1.69 410.1 1.14 radial vel. 1999 205.1 1.70 4901
HD 187123 b 0.523 3.0965828 0.0426 radial vel. 1998 150.1 1.0 5830
HD 192263 b 0.56 24.3556 0.15 486 radial vel. 1999 64.08 0.66 4976 Proper name Beirut
HD 195019 b 3.98 18.20132 0.14 radial vel. 1998 123 1.21 5751
HD 209458 b 0.73 1.39 3.52474859 0.04707 1459 radial vel. 1999 157.8 1.23 6091 Informally named Osiris
HD 210277 b 1.29 442.19 1.13 radial vel. 1998 69.51 1.01 5538
HD 217107 b 1.30 7.12682 0.08 radial vel. 1998 65.47 1.00 5622
HD 222582 b 8.37 ~1.12 572.38 1.34 radial vel. 1999 137.7 1.12 5790
Iota Horologii b 2.27 302.8 0.92 radial vel. 1999 56.51 1.25 [20] 6167
PSR B1257+12 b 0.000063 25.262±0.003 0.19 266 timing 1994 2300±100 1.4 [21]Proper name Draugr[7]. Least massive exoplanet known.[22]
PSR B1257+12 c 0.014±0.001 66.5419±0.0001 0.36 193 timing 1992 2300±100 1.4 [23][22]Proper name Poltergeist[7]
PSR B1257+12 d 0.012±0.001 0.13 98.2114±0.0002 0.46 169 timing 1992 2300±100 1.4 [24][22]Proper name Phobetor[7]
PSR B1620-26 b 2.5 ~1.18 23.0 timing 1993 12400 1.35
Rho Coronae Borealis b 1.045 39.8458 0.2196 614 radial vel. 1997 57.0 0.889 5627
Tau Boötis b 4.5+0.8
−0.2		 1.06 3.31 0.0481±0.028 1,600 radial vel. 1996 50.92±0.09 1.35±0.3 6387±0.44 [5][25][26][10][27]
Upsilon Andromedae b 1.70+0.33
−0.24		 ~1.8 4.617111±0.000014 0.0594±0.0003 1,670-1,920 radial vel. 1996 40.0±0.1 1.23+0.03
−0.09		 6,614±0.77 [28][29][30]Proper name Saffar[7]
Upsilon Andromedae c 13.98+2.3
−5.3		 241.26±0.64 0.829±0.043 radial vel. 1999 40.0±0.1 1.23+0.03
−0.09		 6,614±0.77 [31][32]Proper name Samh[7]
Upsilon Andromedae d 10.25+0.7
−3.3		 1.02 1,276.46±0.57 2.350±0.014 218 radial vel. 1999 40.0±0.1 1.23+0.03
−0.09		 6,614±0.77 [31][32][33]Proper name Majriti[7]

Bodies previously considered as candidates

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HD 114762 b was once considered as the first discovered exoplanet. Found in 1989 by a team led by David Latham, it is now known to be a red dwarf star.[34] In 1991 it was reported an exoplanet 10 times the mass of Earth was discovered around the pulsar, PSR B1829-10.[35] It was subsequently retracted later in 1992.

Notes

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  1. ↑ Plávalová et al (2013)[4] and Van Zandt et al (2026)[5]
  2. ↑ Van Zandt et al (2026)[5] and Li et al (2025)[6]
  3. ↑ Li et al (2025)[6]
  4. ↑ Brogi et al (2013)[8],Spring et al (2023)[9]and Butler et al (2006)[10]
  5. ↑ Moutou et al (2025)[12]and Salz et al (2015)[13]
  6. ↑ Van Zandt et al (2026)[5]and NASA Exoplanet Archive[14]
  7. ↑ Van Zandt et al (2026)[5]and Xiao et al (2023)

Specific exoplanet lists

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Lists of exoplanets

Lists of exoplanets by year of discovery

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References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "NASA Exoplanet Archive". Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  2. ↑ Campbell, Bruce; Walker, G. A. H.; Yang, S. (1988). "A Search for Substellar Companions to Solar-type Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 331: 902. Bibcode:1988ApJ...331..902C. doi:10.1086/166608.
  3. ↑ Hatzes, Artie P.; et al. (2003). "A Planetary Companion to Gamma Cephei A". The Astrophysical Journal. 599 (2): 1383–1394. arXiv:astro-ph/0305110. Bibcode:2003ApJ...599.1383H. doi:10.1086/379281. S2CID 11506537.
  4. ↑ Plávalová, Eva; Solovaya, Nina A. (2013). "Analysis of the motion of an extrasolar planet in a binary system". The Astronomical Journal. 146 (5): 108. arXiv:1212.3843. Bibcode:2013AJ....146..108P. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/5/108. S2CID 118629538.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Van Zandt, J.; Gilbert, G.; Petigura, E.; Giacalone, S.; Howard, A.; Handley, L. (May 2026). "A Smooth Transition from Giant Planets to Brown Dwarfs from the Radial Occurrence Distribution". The Astronomical Journal. 171 (5): 17. arXiv:2511.18758. Bibcode:2026AJ....171..267V. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae510. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 283243916.
  6. 1 2 Li, Zhexing; Kane, Stephen R.; Blunt, Sarah; Harada, Caleb K. (September 2025). "Radial Velocity Strategies for the Orbital Refinement of Exoplanet Direct Imaging Targets". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 137 (10). arXiv:2509.17169. Bibcode:2025PASP..137j4401L. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ae0520. ISSN 0004-6280. S2CID 281421472.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "NameExoWorlds The Approved Names". Archived from the original on 2018-02-01. Retrieved 2016-01-17.
  8. ↑ Brogi, M.; Snellen, I. A. G.; de Kok, R. J.; Albrecht, S.; Birkby, J. L.; de Mooij, E. J. W. (2013-04-01). "Detection of Molecular Absorption in the Dayside of Exoplanet 51 Pegasi b?". The Astrophysical Journal. 767 (1): 27. arXiv:1302.6242. Bibcode:2013ApJ...767...27B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/27. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 55222342.
  9. ↑ Spring, E. F.; Birkby, J. L.; Pino, L.; Alonso, R.; Hoyer, S.; Young, M. E.; Coelho, P. R. T.; Nespral, D.; López-Morales, M. (2022-03-01). "Black Mirror: The impact of rotational broadening on the search for reflected light from 51 Pegasi b with high resolution spectroscopy". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 659: A121. arXiv:2201.03600. Bibcode:2022A&A...659A.121S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142314. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 245853836.
  10. 1 2 Butler, R. P.; Wright, J. T.; Marcy, G. W.; Fischer, D. A.; Vogt, S. S.; Tinney, C. G.; Jones, H. R. A.; Carter, B. D.; Johnson, J. A. (2006). "Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets". The Astrophysical Journal. 646 (1): 505–522. arXiv:astro-ph/0607493. Bibcode:2006ApJ...646..505B. doi:10.1086/504701. S2CID 119067572.
  11. ↑ How the Universe Works 3. Vol. Jupiter: Destroyer or Savior?. Discovery Channel. 2014.
  12. ↑ Moutou, C.; Petit, P.; Charpentier, P.; Cristofari, P.; Baruteau, C.; Thébault, P.; Arnold, L.; Artigau, E.; Carmona, A. (2025-10-13). "Characterizing planetary systems with SPIRou: questions about the magnetic cycle of 55 Cnc A and two new planets around B". Astronomy and Astrophysics. arXiv:2510.11523. Bibcode:2026A&A...705A.190M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202556146. S2CID 282058193.
  13. ↑ Salz, M.; Schneider, P. C.; Czesla, S.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M. (April 2015). "High-energy irradiation and mass loss rates of hot Jupiters in the solar neighborhood". Astronomy and Astrophysics. arXiv:1502.00576. Bibcode:2015A&A...576A..42S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425243. S2CID 55139248.
  14. ↑ "70 Vir Overview". NASA Exoplanet Archive.
  15. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Wang, Songhu; Horner, Jonathan; Butler, R. P.; Tinney, C. G.; Carter, B. D.; Wright, D. J.; Jones, H. R. A.; Bailey, J.; O'Toole, S. J.; Johns, Daniel (2020). "Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (1): 377–383. arXiv:1912.01821. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.492..377W. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3436. S2CID 208617606.
  16. 1 2 Udry, S.; Mayor, M.; Naef, D.; Pepe, F.; Queloz, D.; Santos, N. C.; Burnet, M.; Confino, B.; Melo, C. (2000). "The CORALIE survey for southern extra-solar planets II. The short-period planetary companions to HD 75289 and HD 130322". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 356 (2): 590–598. Bibcode:2000A&A...356..590U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202345874. hdl:20.500.11850/615127. S2CID 2048031.
  17. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Clark, Jake T.; Zhao, Jinglin; Horner, Jonathan; Wang, Songhu; Johns, Daniel (2019). "Truly eccentric – I. Revisiting eight single-eccentric planetary systems". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484 (4): 5859–5867. arXiv:1901.08471. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484.5859W. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz290. S2CID 118915974.
  18. ↑ Hinkel, Natalie R.; Kane, Stephen R.; Henry, Gregory W.; Feng, Y. Katherina; Boyajian, Tabetha; Wright, Jason; Fischer, Debra A.; Howard, Andrew W. (2015). "Refined Properties of the Hd 130322 Planetary System". The Astrophysical Journal. 803 (1) 8. arXiv:1502.03441. Bibcode:2015ApJ...803....8H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/8. S2CID 12657851.
  19. ↑ An, Qier; Brandt, Timothy D.; Brandt, G. Mirek; Venner, Alexander (2025-08-11). "Orbits and Masses for 156 Companions from Combined Astrometry and Radial Velocities, and A Validation of Gaia Non-Single Star Solutions". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. arXiv:2508.08374. Bibcode:2025ApJS..280...61A. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/adfa99. S2CID 280635273.
  20. ↑ "The planet-host star Iota Horologii".
  21. ↑ Extrasolar Visions - PSR 1257+12 A Archived December 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  22. 1 2 3 Konacki, M.; Wolszczan, A. (2003). "Masses and Orbital Inclinations of Planets in the PSR B1257+12 System". The Astrophysical Journal. 591 (2): L147–L150. arXiv:astro-ph/0305536. Bibcode:2003ApJ...591L.147K. doi:10.1086/377093. S2CID 18649212.
  23. ↑ Extrasolar Visions - PSR 1257+12 B extrasolar.net. Archived 26 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ↑ Extrasolar Visions - PSR 1257+12 C Archived December 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  25. ↑ Wang, Ji; Ford, Eric B. (2011-12-11). "On the Eccentricity Distribution of Short-Period Single-Planet Systems". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 418 (3): 1822–1833. arXiv:1108.1811. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.418.1822W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19600.x. S2CID 118438022.
  26. ↑ Renard, Stéphanie; Absil, Olivier; Berger, Jean-Philippe; Bonfils, Xavier; Forveille, Thierry; Malbet, Fabien (2008). "Prospects for near-infrared characterisation of hot Jupiters with the VLTI Spectro-Imager (VSI)" (PDF). Optical and Infrared Interferometry. Proceedings of SPIE. Vol. 7013. pp. 70132Z–70132Z–10. arXiv:0807.3014. Bibcode:2008SPIE.7013E..2ZR. doi:10.1117/12.790494. S2CID 119268109.
  27. ↑ Huang, X.; Jianghui, J.; Chunhui, B.; Dongjie, T.; Su, W.; Yao, D.; Guo, D. (May 2025). "Closeby Habitable Exoplanet Survey (CHES). III. Retrieval of Planetary Masses in Binaries Using the N-body Model with Radial Velocity and Astrometry Synergy". The Astrophysical Journal. 984 (1): 13. arXiv:2503.17090. Bibcode:2025ApJ...984...82H. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adc444. S2CID 277244728.
  28. ↑ Pizkorz, D.; Benneke, B.; Crockett, N. R.; Lockwood, A. C.; Blake, G. A.; Barman, T. S.; Bender, C. F.; Carr, J. S.; Johnson, J. A. (August 2017). "Detection of Water Vapor in the Thermal Spectrum of the Non-transiting Hot Jupiter Upsilon Andromedae b". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (2): 78. arXiv:1707.01534. Bibcode:2017AJ....154...78P. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa7dd8. S2CID 19960378.
  29. ↑ Deitrick, R.; Barnes, R.; McArthur, B.; Quinn, T. R.; Luger, R.; Antonsen, A.; Benedict, G. F. (January 2015). "The Three-dimensional Architecture of the υ Andromedae Planetary System". The Astrophysical Journal. 798 (1): 46. arXiv:1411.1059. Bibcode:2015ApJ...798...46D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/46. S2CID 118409453.
  30. ↑ Than, Ker (2006-10-12). "Distant Planet is Half Fire, Half Ice". Space. Retrieved 2026-01-06.
  31. 1 2 McArthur, Barbara E.; et al. (2010). "New Observational Constraints on the υ Andromedae System with Data from the Hubble Space Telescope and Hobby Eberly Telescope" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 715 (2): 1203. Bibcode:2010ApJ...715.1203M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/1203. S2CID 120127162. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
  32. 1 2 Ligi, R.; Mourard, D.; Lagrange, A. M.; Perraut, K.; Boyajian, T.; Bério, Ph.; Nardetto, N.; Tallon-Bosc, I.; McAlister, H.; ten Brummelaar, T.; Ridgway, S.; Sturmann, J.; Sturmann, L.; Turner, N.; Farrington, C.; Goldfinger, P. J. (2012). "A new interferometric study of four exoplanet host stars : θ Cygni, 14 Andromedae, υ Andromedae and 42 Draconis". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 545: A5. arXiv:1208.3895. Bibcode:2012A&A...545A...5L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219467. S2CID 10934982.
  33. ↑ "ups And d (F-Warm Jovian)". hpcf.upr.edu. May 2014. Archived from the original on 2016-08-21. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
  34. ↑ Kiefer, Flavien (17 October 2019). "Determining the mass of the planetary candidate HD 114762 b using Gaia". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 632: L9. arXiv:1910.07835. Bibcode:2019A&A...632L...9K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936942. S2CID 204743831.
  35. ↑ Dieguez, Flávio. "Terra à vista". Superinteressante (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-07-03.
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