Papers by ADRIANO S NASCENTE
Revista Caatinga, Jun 28, 2014
Crops used to cover the ground may also release nitrogen into the soil during mineralization. How... more Crops used to cover the ground may also release nitrogen into the soil during mineralization. However, it is necessary to identify species that combine fast nutrient release and longer permanence of the straw on the soil surface. The aim of this study was to investigate straw degradation and nitrogen release from cover crops under no-tillage cropping systems. The field trial was performed during two growing seasons in summer (in the Cerrado region of Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in factorial arrangement. Treatments were the combination of five plants (four cover crops species, 1 -Panicum maximum, 2-Brachiaria ruziziensis, 3. Brachiaria brizantha and 4. Pennisetum glaucum [millet], and fallow as a control) with six sampling times (first six weeks after application of glyphosate on the cover crops). Pennisetum glaucum and fallow showed faster straw degradation and nitrogen release. The cover crops Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha and Brachiaria ruziziensis stood out in biomass production and in the amount of nitrogen in their shoots but had the lowest coefficients of degradation and persisted longer on the soil surface than Pennisetum glaucum and fallow.
African Journal of Agricultural Research, Apr 2, 2015
Increasing fertilizer rates at sowing can provide significant increases in grain yield in vegetab... more Increasing fertilizer rates at sowing can provide significant increases in grain yield in vegetable crops. However, very high rates can impair root development because of increased soil salinization in the rows mainly because of KCl fertilizer. Broadcast fertilization without incorporation into soil may be a viable strategy to avoid this salinization. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the effect of different fertilizer rates applied to the soil surface without incorporation on common bean grain yield and yield components in a no-tillage system. An irrigated field experiment with a randomized block experimental design with four replications was conducted in Brazil during the 2012 and 2013 growing seasons. The treatments consisted of four fertilizer rates of an N-P-K blend that were 0, 50, 100 (15 kg ha -1 of N, 90 kg ha -1 of P 2 O 5 and 45 kg ha -1 of K 2 O) and 150% of the recommended fertilizer rate for infurrow applications. Increasing broadcast fertilizer application provided a significant increase in common bean grain yield. The application of 300 kg ha -1 of fertilizer (100% of the recommended fertilizer rate) on the soil surface without incorporation provided a similar result as the application of the same amount in the seed row. The results document that broadcast application of a fertilizer blend on the soil surface without incorporation is a viable management tool to increase common bean grain yield in notillage systems in soil with high fertility, which is based mainly on its content of organic matter, phosphorus, and base saturation.
Bioscience Journal, Jun 1, 2014
Revista Caatinga, Dec 2, 2014
RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar os efeitos de sistemas de manejo do solo sob planti... more RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar os efeitos de sistemas de manejo do solo sob plantio direto (SPD) e de rotações de culturas sobre atributos químicos do solo. O experimento foi conduzido por seis anos consecutivos, durante os quais efetuaram-se 12 cultivos (verão e inverno). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, arranjado em parcelas divididas. Os tratamentos incluíram quatros sistemas de manejo do solo (parcelas): P 1 = SPD seguido anualmente de um preparo com arado; P 2 = SPD seguido bienalmente de um preparo com arado; P 3 = SPD seguido trienalmente de um preparo com arado e P 4 = SPD contínuo. As de rotação de três anos agrícolas foi repetido por duas vezes. Os sistemas de manejo do solo e as rotações de cultura afetaram significativamente os atributos químicos do solo. Os atributos químicos Ca, Mg, matéria orgânica, P, K, Mn e Zn se concentraram na camada mais superficial independentemente da rotação de culturas utilizada nos manejos com menor revolvimento do solo. Os valores de pH foram semelhantes durante o período de 12 cultivos em seis anos agrícolas. As rotações de culturas utilizadas, nos diferentes manejos de solo sob PD, proporcionaram melhoria da fertilidade do solo, com valores de matéria orgânica, P, K, Cu, Mn e Zn iguais ou superiores aos teores iniciais.
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, Jan 22, 2013
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of cover crops and their desiccation times ... more The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of cover crops and their desiccation times on upland rice yield and on the levels of nitrate and ammonium in a no-tillage soil. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks, with split plots and three replicates. Cover crops (plots) were sowed in the offseason (March 2009). In November 2009, 10 and 0 days before rice sowing (split plots), herbicide was applied on the cover crops (fallow, Panicum maximum, Urochloa ruziziensis, U. brizantha and millet). Straw and soil were sampled (0-10 cm) at the sowing day, and after 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. Straws from millet and fallow were degraded more rapidly and provided the lowest level of nitrate in the soil. Urochloa ruziziensis, U. brizantha and P. maximum produced higher amounts of dry matter, and provided the highest levels of nitrate in the soil. Millet provides the lowest nitrate/ammonium ratio and the highest upland rice yield. Desiccations carried out at 30 and 20 days before sowing had the largest levels of nitrate in the soil at the sowing date. Nitrogen content and forms in the soil are affected by cover crops and their desiccation times.
Bioscience Journal, Dec 4, 2013
RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação do silício no sulco de seme... more RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação do silício no sulco de semeadura, combinado com adubação nitrogenada em cobertura, na produtividade de grãos, nos teores de silício no solo, no tecido vegetal e teor de nitrogênio na planta, em condições de sequeiro e irrigado. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelos sistemas de cultivo (sequeiro e irrigado) e as subparcelas pela combinação do silício (0 e 100 kg ha -1 ), tendo como fonte o silicato de Ca e Mg (com 23% de SiO 2 ) e quatro doses de nitrogênio (ureia) em cobertura (0, 30, 60 e 90 kg ha -1 ). A aplicação de silício no sulco de semeadura demonstrou ser técnica viável, pois proporcionou aumento significativo do teor desse elemento na zona de crescimento radicular da cultura do arroz. A aplicação de silício no sulco não altera o teor do elemento e nem a nutrição nitrogenada em plantas de arroz. A adubação nitrogenada em cobertura reduz os teores de silício e aumenta a nutrição nitrogenada nas plantas de arroz. A aplicação de silício no sulco de semeadura não proporcionou incremento na produtividade de grãos de arroz. Quando não houve limitação hídrica a adubação nitrogenada proporcionou incremento linear na produtividade de grãos, enquanto que sob deficiência hídrica o efeito da fertilização nitrogenada foi limitada.
African Journal of Agricultural Research, Apr 9, 2015
The application of calcium carbonate micron particles in the planting furrow, because of the redu... more The application of calcium carbonate micron particles in the planting furrow, because of the reduced particle size may favor a faster reaction in the soil and could provide increased pH and P availability for plants such as dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), potentially increasing yield. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years with the objective to evaluate the effect of the liquid calcium carbonate micron particle application in the planting furrow on soil properties (Ph, P, Ca, K and Al content and V) and on the yield components, grain yield, and concentration and content of P in dry bean. The experimental design was a randomized complete block scheme. The treatments consisted of six rates of calcium carbonate micron particles, that is, 0, 1.05, 2.10, 4.2, 8.4 and 12.6 kg ha -1 applied in the furrow at sowing of dry bean. Calcium carbonate increased the pH (from 4.8 to 5.3 at 0 to 0.10 m deep layer) and the P concentration in the soil (from 70 to 80 mg dm -3 at 0 to 0.10 m deep layer) until 30 days after application. The concentration of Ca, K and the base saturation of the soil were not affected by the addition of calcium carbonate. The concentration (from 4 to 4.3 g kg -1 ) and content (from 1,500 to 1,870 g ha -1 ) of P in the grain and grain yield (from 3,500 to 4,100 kg ha -1 ) of the dry beans increased with increasing concentration of calcium carbonate. The use of calcium carbonate micron particles in the sowing furrow is a new and effective practice that could increase crop yield in no-tillage system (NTS).
Revista De Ciencias Agrarias Amazonian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 2014
In no-tillage systems (NTS), biological activity and nitrification process in the soil are higher... more In no-tillage systems (NTS), biological activity and nitrification process in the soil are higher due to higher organic matter and moisture contents, resulting in higher levels of nitrate compared with areas under conventional tillage systems. However, nitrogen in the form of nitrate is more easily leached, helping to reduce nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by plants, besides contaminating water resources. Therefore, the use of alternatives that promote the persistence of ammonium in the soil contribute to increased nitrogen use efficiency in agricultural systems, as well as to their sustainability. The purpose of this review was to discuss the process of nitrification inhibition. We observed that it is possible to increase the content of ammonium in the soil, contributing to the reduction of N loss through leaching and increasing the efficiency of nitrogen use by crops, thus providing sustainability to agricultural systems. To this end, the use of cover crops, such as Brachiaria species, and synthetic nitrification inhibitors incorporated to nitrogen fertilizers are among the alternatives. Nevertheless, studies should be developed in order to clarify the conditions under which these cover crops can be introduced in agricultural systems for this purpose and also which factors interfere on the efficiency of synthetic nitrification inhibitors. RESUMO: No sistema plantio direto (SPD), em razão dos maiores teores de matéria orgânica e umidade, a atividade biológica é maior, bem como o processo de nitrificação, resultando em teores mais elevados de nitrato em relação às áreas sob sistema convencional de manejo do solo. No entanto, o nitrogênio na forma nítrica é mais facilmente lixiviado, contribuindo para a redução da eficiência do aproveitamento do N pelas plantas, além de poder contaminar os recursos hídricos. Assim, o uso de alternativas que favoreçam a permanência do amônio no solo contribuirá para o aumento da eficiência de utilização do N nos sistemas agrícolas, bem como para a sustentabilidade dos mesmos. O objetivo desta revisão foi discutir o processo relacionado à inibição da nitrificação. Observou-se que se podem elevar os teores de amônio no solo, contribuindo para a redução das perdas de N por lixiviação e aumentando a eficiência de utilização do nitrogênio pelas culturas, proporcionando maior sustentabilidade aos sistemas agrícolas. Entre as alternativas, há o uso de plantas de cobertura, como as do gênero Brachiaria, além do uso de inibidores sintéticos da nitrificação incorporados aos fertilizantes nitrogenados. Entretanto, estudos devem ser desenvolvidos no sentido de esclarecer em que condições essas plantas de cobertura podem ser introduzidas nos sistemas agrícolas para esse fim e também quais os fatores que interferem na maior ou na menor eficiência dos inibidores sintéticos de nitrificação. Nitrification inhibition in tropical soil under no-tillage system Inibição da nitrificação em solos tropicais sob plantio direto
Semina Ciencias Agrarias, 2013
ABSTRACT
Revista Brasileira De Ciencia Do Solo, 2014
Semina Ciencias Agrarias, 2013
ABSTRACT The use of cover crops in no-tillage systems (NTS) increases the levels of organic matte... more ABSTRACT The use of cover crops in no-tillage systems (NTS) increases the levels of organic matter and could increase the nitrogen content of the soil, contributing to reduce fertilizers costs. The knowledge of these processes is fundamental for deciding whether cover crops can be effectively incorporated into the agricultural production system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cover crop species on the levels of nitrate and ammonium in the soil in early upland rice development, as well upland rice yield. A field experiment was performed and treatments consisted of growing rice on five cover crops (Panicum maximum, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria brizantha, millet and fallow) in an NTS and two control treatments (Brachiaria brizantha and fallow) under a conventional tillage system, CTS, (one plowing and two disking). The experimental design was a complete randomized block with three replications. The soil samples were collected during a period of six weeks (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days in relation to upland rice sowing). The cover crops Brachiaria brizantha, Panicum maximum and Brachiaria ruziziensis in the NTS and B. brizantha fallow incorporated into the CTS favored higher levels of nitrate in the soil. In contrast, B. brizantha and fallow in the CTS and millet and P. maximum in the NTS favored the buildup of high levels of ammonium in the soil. The treatments under the plowed cover crops millet and fallow allowed for a higher upland rice yield. The tillage system and nature of the cover crops could be used to achieve the desired levels and forms of nitrogen in soil.
The use of gypsum in a no-tillage system may be a feasible alternative for cultivating upland ric... more The use of gypsum in a no-tillage system may be a feasible alternative for cultivating upland rice because of its ability to move some nutrients to greater depth in the soil and thereby stimulate root growth. Additionally, phosphorus is one of the nutrients that most limits crop production in the Brazilian Cerrado. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the effect of combining gypsum (applied to the soil surface without tillage) and phosphorus at sowing on soil attributes, plant height, number of panicle m -1 , seed mass, and grain yield in a no-tillage cultivation system. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block experimental design with four replicates in a factorial scheme of gypsum doses (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 kg ha -1 ), phosphorus doses in the furrow (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha -1 ) and growing seasons (2011/2012 and 2012/2013). Gypsum applications provided incremental increases in soil calcium and increased potassium levels in the deeper soil layers, but it did not affect plant height, number of panicle m -1 , or grain yield of upland rice cultivated under a no-tillage system. Increasing doses of phosphorus applied at sowing resulted in a significant increase in the plant height, number of panicles m -1 and grain yield.
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 2011
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 2011
... Adriano Stephan Nascente2, João Kluthcouski2, Raimundo Ricardo Rabelo2, Priscila de Oliveira3... more ... Adriano Stephan Nascente2, João Kluthcouski2, Raimundo Ricardo Rabelo2, Priscila de Oliveira3, Tarcísio Cobucci2, Carlos Alexandre Costa ... Tam-bém para Bastos et al. ... _____ cmolc dm-3 _____ _____ mg dm-3 _____ g dm-3 Argila Silte Areia ...
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 2015
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 2014
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Papers by ADRIANO S NASCENTE