As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account f... more As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account for a large proportion of those employed in the informal sector. However, despite its attendant benefit, it has been plagued by the dilemma of double tragedy in Nigeria generally and Ibadan in particular. These tragedies are in the forms of the danger of the road and harassment by government officials. With Ibadan Metropolis as our unit of analysis, this study sought a systematic elucidation of the phenomenon of street trading, within the confines of the aforementioned. Three hundred questionnaires were administered for the purpose of generating primary data and 280 were retrieved. Also, a total of 15 traders were interviewed, 5 each from the three location (Ojoo, Iwo Road and Challenge) chosen for the purpose of the study. Findings of the study established that roads in Ibadan constitute enormous danger to street trading. It also revealed the veracity of harassment by government official...
Service delivery is an essential function in the relation between government bodies and citizens.... more Service delivery is an essential function in the relation between government bodies and citizens. According to Eigema(2007), Service delivery is the government’s key task.The best yardstick to measure government performance of good governance is through service delivery to the people. A government is expected to deliver better services to its people, and the indices of measuring service delivery to the people include low inflation, better education, provision of improved health care at affordable rates, provision of clean water, provision of good roads and good road networks to the rural areas for the transport of agricultural products and raw materials etc. (Akanji et al, 2011). Despite Nigeria earning over $800 billion in oil revenue in 56 years since oil was first discovered in the country in the South-South in 1956(Izuora,2013), poverty index remain very high. According to African Development Bank, “The proportion of people living below the national poverty line has worsened fro...
A fundamental mechanism of evaluating the level of civilization or civicness of modern political ... more A fundamental mechanism of evaluating the level of civilization or civicness of modern political systems is the level and extent to which they are well-organized. The political organization of states most often, reflects the structure of governmental authority, level of administrative efficiency and the attendant power relations. Based on the structure, it is convenient to determine the extent to which authority is dispersed or concentrated in a particular political system. One of the most enduring modes of political arrangement in the world today is federalism. Federalism presupposes that national and states/or regional governments should stand to each other in a relation of meaningful autonomy resting upon a balanced division of powers and resources. Each state/or region must have power and resources sufficient to support the structure of a functioning government, able to stand and compete on its own against the others. The attraction for federalism borders on its perceived integr...
The protracted economic crisis that plaque Nigeria since the early 1980s has impacted negatively ... more The protracted economic crisis that plaque Nigeria since the early 1980s has impacted negatively on the well-being of youth in the country. The situation is further exacerbated by the high incidence of state failure and the crisis of governance, characterised by the massive deterioration of government institutions, pervasive poverty, corruption and the near total collapse of moral and ethical standards in the country. This has occasioned the worsening and continued deterioration of the socio-economic condition of youth thereby, creating a myriad of problems ranging from poverty, unemployment, drug and substance abuse, family disintegration, crime, violence, frustration and despair. While several attempts have been made to solve youth problems in Nigeria, the outcomes of these initiatives have been sub-optimal, as most existing policies designed to empower youth are borne out of ‘moral panicky’ measures, rather than being genuinely geared towards solving the problem. These policies e...
The centrality of federalism and citizenship in the discourse and analysis of African government ... more The centrality of federalism and citizenship in the discourse and analysis of African government and politics cannot be overemphasized. Being a continent characterized by ethnic plurality, religious and cultural diversities, the quest to design and evolve federal institutions and policies that fosters popular political participation, guarantee ethno-cultural tolerance, cooperation and national unity, undoubtedly, constitutes a major challenge. This study therefore, examined the complex relationships between federal institutional arrangements, governmental policies, citizenship and national identity in Africa, drawing on the Ethiopian and Nigerian federal experiences. Relying mainly on secondary data, qualitative analysis that comprises comparative institutional method, the study sought to compare citizenship and decentralization provisions of the FDRE 1994 Constitution and the 1999 Nigerian Constitution (as amended). The study revealed that ethno-federalist provisions of these const...
Corruption remains the most pervasive social problem in Nigeria. In this paper corruption is view... more Corruption remains the most pervasive social problem in Nigeria. In this paper corruption is viewed as the root cause of non-improvement in the health status of Nigerians produced by comparative failures of huge public health expenditures to achieve the objective of reducing epidemic diseases with the attendant high mortalities. The gap between public health investment and public health outcome is largely accounted for by wasteful public health expenditure which is corruption. Merton’s Structural Functionalist Theory of Anomie is used to analyze health policy and legislation, health procurement, availability and access of health care, budgetary appropriation and release in relations to overall health dysfunctions. The paper concludes that the prevailing high level of corruption in health care processes of Nigeria is a function of decades of moral laxity and weak social structures, and it is only a strong political leadership backed by adequate legal and political structures that wil...
As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account f... more As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account for a large proportion of those employed in the informal sector. However, despite its attendant benefit, it has been plagued by the dilemma of double tragedy in Nigeria generally and Ibadan in particular. These tragedies are in the forms of the danger of the road and harassment by government officials. With Ibadan Metropolis as our unit of analysis, this study sought a systematic elucidation of the phenomenon of street trading, within the confines of the aforementioned. Three hundred questionnaires were administered for the purpose of generating primary data and 280 were retrieved. Also, a total of 15 traders were interviewed, 5 each from the three location (Ojoo, Iwo Road and Challenge) chosen for the purpose of the study. Findings of the study established that roads in Ibadan constitute enormous danger to street trading. It also revealed the veracity of harassment by government official...
As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account f... more As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account for a large proportion of those employed in the informal sector. However, despite its attendant benefit, it has been plagued by the dilemma of double tragedy in Nigeria generally and Ibadan in particular. These tragedies are in the forms of the danger of the road and harassment by government officials. With Ibadan Metropolis as our unit of analysis, this study sought a systematic elucidation of the phenomenon of street trading, within the confines of the aforementioned. Three hundred questionnaires were administered for the purpose of generating primary data and 280 were retrieved. Also, a total of 15 traders were interviewed, 5 each from the three location (Ojoo, Iwo Road and Challenge) chosen for the purpose of the study. Findings of the study established that roads in Ibadan constitute enormous danger to street trading. It also revealed the veracity of harassment by government official...
Service delivery is an essential function in the relation between government bodies and citizens.... more Service delivery is an essential function in the relation between government bodies and citizens. According to Eigema(2007), Service delivery is the government’s key task.The best yardstick to measure government performance of good governance is through service delivery to the people. A government is expected to deliver better services to its people, and the indices of measuring service delivery to the people include low inflation, better education, provision of improved health care at affordable rates, provision of clean water, provision of good roads and good road networks to the rural areas for the transport of agricultural products and raw materials etc. (Akanji et al, 2011). Despite Nigeria earning over $800 billion in oil revenue in 56 years since oil was first discovered in the country in the South-South in 1956(Izuora,2013), poverty index remain very high. According to African Development Bank, “The proportion of people living below the national poverty line has worsened fro...
A fundamental mechanism of evaluating the level of civilization or civicness of modern political ... more A fundamental mechanism of evaluating the level of civilization or civicness of modern political systems is the level and extent to which they are well-organized. The political organization of states most often, reflects the structure of governmental authority, level of administrative efficiency and the attendant power relations. Based on the structure, it is convenient to determine the extent to which authority is dispersed or concentrated in a particular political system. One of the most enduring modes of political arrangement in the world today is federalism. Federalism presupposes that national and states/or regional governments should stand to each other in a relation of meaningful autonomy resting upon a balanced division of powers and resources. Each state/or region must have power and resources sufficient to support the structure of a functioning government, able to stand and compete on its own against the others. The attraction for federalism borders on its perceived integr...
The protracted economic crisis that plaque Nigeria since the early 1980s has impacted negatively ... more The protracted economic crisis that plaque Nigeria since the early 1980s has impacted negatively on the well-being of youth in the country. The situation is further exacerbated by the high incidence of state failure and the crisis of governance, characterised by the massive deterioration of government institutions, pervasive poverty, corruption and the near total collapse of moral and ethical standards in the country. This has occasioned the worsening and continued deterioration of the socio-economic condition of youth thereby, creating a myriad of problems ranging from poverty, unemployment, drug and substance abuse, family disintegration, crime, violence, frustration and despair. While several attempts have been made to solve youth problems in Nigeria, the outcomes of these initiatives have been sub-optimal, as most existing policies designed to empower youth are borne out of ‘moral panicky’ measures, rather than being genuinely geared towards solving the problem. These policies e...
The centrality of federalism and citizenship in the discourse and analysis of African government ... more The centrality of federalism and citizenship in the discourse and analysis of African government and politics cannot be overemphasized. Being a continent characterized by ethnic plurality, religious and cultural diversities, the quest to design and evolve federal institutions and policies that fosters popular political participation, guarantee ethno-cultural tolerance, cooperation and national unity, undoubtedly, constitutes a major challenge. This study therefore, examined the complex relationships between federal institutional arrangements, governmental policies, citizenship and national identity in Africa, drawing on the Ethiopian and Nigerian federal experiences. Relying mainly on secondary data, qualitative analysis that comprises comparative institutional method, the study sought to compare citizenship and decentralization provisions of the FDRE 1994 Constitution and the 1999 Nigerian Constitution (as amended). The study revealed that ethno-federalist provisions of these const...
Corruption remains the most pervasive social problem in Nigeria. In this paper corruption is view... more Corruption remains the most pervasive social problem in Nigeria. In this paper corruption is viewed as the root cause of non-improvement in the health status of Nigerians produced by comparative failures of huge public health expenditures to achieve the objective of reducing epidemic diseases with the attendant high mortalities. The gap between public health investment and public health outcome is largely accounted for by wasteful public health expenditure which is corruption. Merton’s Structural Functionalist Theory of Anomie is used to analyze health policy and legislation, health procurement, availability and access of health care, budgetary appropriation and release in relations to overall health dysfunctions. The paper concludes that the prevailing high level of corruption in health care processes of Nigeria is a function of decades of moral laxity and weak social structures, and it is only a strong political leadership backed by adequate legal and political structures that wil...
As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account f... more As a core component of the informal economy in Africa, street trading has been noted to account for a large proportion of those employed in the informal sector. However, despite its attendant benefit, it has been plagued by the dilemma of double tragedy in Nigeria generally and Ibadan in particular. These tragedies are in the forms of the danger of the road and harassment by government officials. With Ibadan Metropolis as our unit of analysis, this study sought a systematic elucidation of the phenomenon of street trading, within the confines of the aforementioned. Three hundred questionnaires were administered for the purpose of generating primary data and 280 were retrieved. Also, a total of 15 traders were interviewed, 5 each from the three location (Ojoo, Iwo Road and Challenge) chosen for the purpose of the study. Findings of the study established that roads in Ibadan constitute enormous danger to street trading. It also revealed the veracity of harassment by government official...
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