y-.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (letter name): IPA: /ˈwaɪ/
• (phoneme): IPA: /i/, /ɪ/, /aɪ/, /ə/, /j/
• (letter name): 韻: -aɪ
• 異形同音異義語: why, Wye, wye

文字

y (lower case, upper case Y, plural ys or y's)

1. The twenty-fifth letter of the English alphabet, called wy or wye and written in the Latin script.

参考

• (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
• Historically, this letter was sometimes used to approximate þ, as in yt (“that”), yͧ (“thou”), and ye (“the”) (which see for more).

語源 2

Abbreviations.

名詞

y

1. Abbreviation of year.

   Alternative forms: yr, a (“annum”)

   • 2003, Howard Tanner, Sonia Jones, Becoming a Successful Teacher of Mathematics:

     Consider the following questions selected from the tests and estimate the proportion of Y8 pupils you would expect to answer correctly.

2. (UK, television) Abbreviation of youth, usually followed by an age appropriate for the content so marked.

   Y7

派生語

副詞

y (not comparable)

1. (slang, text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of why.

不変化詞

y

1. (computing) Abbreviation of yes.

参考

• U
• V

文字

y (upper case Y)

1. A letter of the Old English alphabet, written in the Latin script.

使用する際の注意点

• This letter always represents the IPA vowel /y/, never the consonant /j/ that y sometimes represents in modern English.
• Old English texts often include a tittle above the letter: ⟨ẏ⟩
• Although Old English texts typically did not mark vowel length, modern editions of Old English manuscripts typically do. Some editions mark the long version of this vowel with ⟨ý⟩, but ⟨ȳ⟩ is now more common.

代名詞

y

1. alternative form of I

語源 2

前置詞

y

1. alternative form of in (“in”)

名詞

ȳ f (indeclinable)

1. A name of the letter Y.

同意語

• (name of the letter Y): ī graeca, ȳpsīlon

等位語

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

参照

• "y", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Latin Grammar (3rd ed., 1895), page 1

  The Latin names for the letters… For Y the sound was used, for Z the Greek name (zēta).

代名詞

y'

1. (informal, dialect, subject pronoun) you; ya; ye.
   • 1888, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Black Arrow:

     Y' are brave, but the most uncrafty lad that I can think upon!

   • 1946, Katharine Susannah Prichard, The roaring nineties: a story of the goldfields of Western Australia:

     Y'r can turn out the place, boys, if y' think Monty or me had anything to do with his blasted wallet.

   • 1986, Robert Herring, McCampbell's war:

     "Then what y'reckon y'gon' do?" the other repeated.

派生語

• y'all
• y'know

語源

From 中期英語 y-, from 古期英語 ġe- (perfective and associative prefix); see those entries for more. Cognate with German ge-, Yiddish גע־ (ge-).

発音

• IPA: /ɪ/

接頭辞

y-

1. (not productive, obsolete) Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles (this prefix does not occur independently and is no longer productive).

   ybarred, yclept, yclad, ybaptized, yslain, yronne

派生語

語源

From 古期英語 ġe- (perfective and associative prefix), from unstressed Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”). Cognate with Old Frisian e-, Central Franconian je-, Old Saxon gi-, Dutch ge-, Old High German ga- (German ge-), Old Norse g-, Gothic 𐌲𐌰- (ga-). See also ker-.

発音

• IPA: /i/, (early) /jə/

接頭辞

y-

1. Added to verbs as a perfective prefix or intensifier.
2. Used to form nouns of association similar to English co-.
3. Used with past participle conjugations to form past participles.

使用する際の注意点

• Not productive in Modern English.
• This prefix represents a common Germanic collective prefix, as well as a perfective prefix which was used to form past participles. Already by the Old English period such participles could be used with or without it, and as it passed into Middle English forms y-, i-, and ȝe-, it became less productive. The prefix was later adopted as a conscious archaism by some writers such as Edmund Spenser, who prepended it to existing past participles.

派生語

派生した語

• English: y-, a-, i- (obsolete or dialectal)
• Yola: ee-

参考

• ẏ, Middle English abbreviation for ye
• Middle English, y- (prefix) is often confused with ye (“you”) or with ye, alternative form of þe (“the”) due to typographic variation:
• ȝe- / y- is pronounced /jə/, /i/, consistent with the Old English pronunciation of ge- as /je/; it is usually dropped in Modern English except in archaisms (though note enough)
  • In contrast, the standalone Middle English definite article ye (not to be confused with the pronoun ye) is pronounced /ðeː/, /ðɛ/, /ði/ and is effectively an alternative spelling of þe (“the”).