voloとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈwɔ.ɫoː], [ˈwɔ.ɫɔ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈvɔː.lo]

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *welō, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, to want”). Cognate with Sanskrit वृणीते (vṛṇīté, “to choose, prefer”), 古期英語 willan (“to will, wish, desire”). More at will.

別の表記

• voleō (Late Latin, nonstandard in Classical Latin)

動詞

volō (present infinitive velle, perfect active voluī, future active participle volitūrus); irregular conjugation, suppletive, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, no imperative, no gerund

1. to wish, to please

   Tibi bene ex animō volō.

   I wish you well with all my heart.

   Hanc rem pūblicam salvam esse volumus.

   We wish this republic to be safe.

2. to want

   Synonyms: dēsīderō, cupiō

   Quid vīs?

   What do you want?

   Nunc, (ego) edere volō.

   Now, I want to eat.

   • c. 200 BCE – 190 BCE, Plautus, Captivi 3.4.90–91:

     Dō tibi operam, Aristophontēs, sī quid est quod mē velīs.

     I’m at your service, Aristophontes, if there’s anything you want of me.

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.42:

     Caesar, quod neque conloquium interposita causa tolli volebat neque salutem suam Gallorum equitatui committere audebat, commodissimum esse statuit omnibus equis Gallis equitibus detractis eo legionarios milites legionis X., cui quam maxime confidebat, imponere, ut praesidium quam amicissimum, si quid opus facto esset, haberet.

     Caesar, as he didn't want either the interview to be for any reason set aside or confide his wellbeing in the hands of the Gallic cavalry, said he saw as most fit the Gallic horsemen be stripped off their steeds and in their place mount legionaries of the 10th legion, in which he had the utmost faith, that he might have as trusted a body-guard as one could have if the occasion ever urged its use.

3. to mean, to intend
   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis 29:25:

     Et dixit ad socerum, "Quid est quod facere voluisti?

     And he said to his father-in-law: "What is it that thou didst mean to do?"

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus 1:18:

     Quibus ad se accersitis rex ait: "Quidnam est hoc quod facere voluistis ut pueros servaretis?"

     And the king called for them, and said: "What is it that you meant to do, that you would save the men children?"

4. to be willing, to consent
5. to be going to, to intend, to be about to, to be on the point of

Conjugation

The present infinitive velle, descends from the athematic infinitive form Proto-Italic *wel-zi (*-zi being the source of the usual infinitive ending -re as well). The second person singular present form vīs is suppletive, and belongs to the root Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to strive after, pursue”); the original form appears to be preserved as the conjunction vel (“or; and/or”), from *wels).

Old Latin.

派生語

派生した語

Reflexes of later voleō:

語源 2

Ultimately from the root *gʷelH- (“to throw”). De Vaan suggests that the term may derive from Proto-Italic *gʷelāō, itself perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷélh₁-ye-ti (“to throw, raise the arm”). Alternatively, De Vaan suggests a possible reduplicated intensive pre-form *gʷe(l)-gʷolh₁-ye/o. According to De Vaan, the sense of “to lift the arm” may have shifted to “to fly” on the basis of the flight mechanisms of birds.

動詞

volō (present infinitive volāre, perfect active volāvī, supine volātum); first conjugation, impersonal in the passive

1. to fly

   Verba volant, scrīpta manent.

   Words fly, writings remain.

Conjugation

派生語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “volo, volui, velle”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “volo, volui, velle”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “volo , -āvi, -ātum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “volo , -āvi, -ātum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “volo, -ōnis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “volo, -ōnis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “volo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be favourably disposed towards: alicuius causa velle or cupere
    
  • convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point: sic volo te tibi persuadere
    
  • he attained his object: id quod voluit consecutus est
    
  • he attained his object: ad id quod voluit pervenit
    
  • what is the meaning of this: quid hoc sibi vult?
    
  • to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    
  • to wish to speak to some one: velle aliquem (Plaut. Capt. 5. 2. 24)
    
  • a word with you: paucis te volo
    
  • a word with you: tribus verbis te volo
    
  • (ambiguous) the frost set in so severely that..: tanta vis frigoris insecuta est, ut
    
  • (ambiguous) vivid, lively imagination: ingenii vis or celeritas
    
  • (ambiguous) what do you mean to do: quid tibi vis?
    
  • (ambiguous) oratorical power: vis dicendi
    
  • (ambiguous) what is the meaning, the original sense of this word: quae est vis huius verbi?
    
  • (ambiguous) the fundamental meaning of a word: vis et notio verbi, vocabuli
    
  • (ambiguous) enthusiasm: ardor, inflammatio animi, incitatio mentis, mentis vis incitatior
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 687

接尾辞

-volō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of -volus