used toとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /juːs(t).tu/, /juːs(t).tə/
• (米国発音) IPA: /jus(t).tu/, /jus(t).tə/
• Homophone: use to
• 韻: -uːstu, -uːstə
• Not homophonous with used in the sense of "made use of" (as in "the key was used to open the door"), whose pronunciation is IPA: /juːzd/.

語源 1

From used, past participle of use (“(archaic sense) to be in the habit of”) + to.

形容詞

used to (not comparable)

1. (idiomatic, with noun phrase) Accustomed to, tolerant or accepting of.

   I am very used to cleaning up other people’s mess.

   I became/grew quite used to his ways.

   I got used to this weather.

   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     “Well,” I says, “I cal'late a body could get used to Tophet if he stayed there long enough.” ¶ She flared up; the least mite of a slam at Doctor Wool was enough to set her going.

   • 1921 June, Margery Williams, “The Velveteen Rabbit: Or How Toys Become Real”, in Harper’s Bazar, volume LVI, number 6 (2504 overall), New York, N.Y.: International Magazine Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     He was shivering a little, for he had always been used to sleeping in a proper bed, and by this time his coat had worn so thin and threadbare from hugging that it was no longer any protection to him.

   • 1965, Bob Dylan, Like a Rolling Stone:

     Nobody's ever taught you how to live out on the street and now you're gonna have to get used to it.

同意語

• wont to
• accustomed to

反意語

• unused to

語源 2

From used, past of use (“(archaic sense) to be in the habit of”) + to (“infinitive marker”).

動詞

used to (no third-person singular simple present, no present participle, simple past used to, no past participle)

1. (temporal location) Formerly and habitually or repeatedly, but possibly no longer, did.

   You never used to like soap operas, did you?  I used to like that band long ago, and I was surprised I still do.  I used to know a guy from the UK who pronounced "mother" with the "r".  It used to be me who ran the company.  There used to be open fields here. Now it's a shopping mall.

   I always used to go to the seaside in August as a child.

   He used to live here, but moved away last year.

   The club used to be frequented by locals; then, after the "incident", it used to get raided by the cops.

   My wife used not to be so hot-tempered.

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

     They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 2:

     He used to drop into my chambers once in a while to smoke, and was first-rate company. When I gave a dinner there was generally a cover laid for him. I liked the man for his own sake, and even had he promised to turn out a celebrity it would have had no weight with me.

   • 1980, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson (lyrics), Agnetha Fältskog (lead vocalist), ABBA, The Winner Takes It All

     But tell me does she kiss like I used to kiss you? / Does it feel the same, when she calls your name?

   • 1997, George Carlin, Brain Droppings‎, New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 94:

     When I was a kid I used to think it was all the same clouds that kept coming by.

   • 2002, David I. Grossvogel, Didn't You Used to Be Depardieu?‎:
   • 2003, G. E. Kruckeberg, Things My Daddy Used to Say‎:

使用する際の注意点

• With did as an auxiliary verb (as in the negative and interrogative), use to is considered standard in American English (e.g., Did you use to walk to school?; He didn't use to behave that way!; It's hard to drive without power steering, did people just use to be stronger?). In other situations, such as I use to go to the fair every year, it is considered an error to not write the past tense form used to, which is caused by the two forms sounding nearly or exactly the same. In British English, used to may also be acceptable with did as an auxiliary.
• The negative may be formed as used to not or used not to (usen't to, usedn't to), did not use to (didn't use to), or did not used to, the last of which is sometimes considered an error.
• The interrogative is constructed like did [subject] use to...? (did [subject] used to is also found, but is considered an error) or used [subject] to...?, varying by region and era.
• When it is not necessary to include the following verb, it is usual in some regions to use the verb do as a stand-in (he works harder than he used to do), whereas in others it is usual to use no verb at all (he works harder than he used to).
• The form usedst to is used with thou.

派生語

参照

• “used to”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “used to”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• ousted, toused