undecidableとは 意味・読み方・使い方

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形容詞

undecidable (not comparable)

1. (mathematics, computing theory) Incapable of being algorithmically decided in finite time. For example, a set of strings is undecidable if it is impossible to program a computer (even one with infinite memory) to determine whether or not specified strings are included.
   • 1982, Wolfgang Bibel, Automated Theorem Proving, Braunschweig: Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, →ISBN, page 83:

     The first-order procedure SP differs from the proposi-
     tional procedure CP°₁ in an essential feature. Namely, CP°₁
     always terminates while SP may run forever as we have seen with
     the example immediately after (3.7). This is not a specific
     defect of SP. Rather it is known that first-order logic is an
     undecidable theory while propositional logic is a decidable
     theory. This means that for the latter there are decision pro-
     cedures which for any formula decide whether it is valid or
     not — and CP°₁ in fact is such a decision procedure — while
     for the former such decision procedures do not exist in princi-
     ple. Thus SP, according to these results for which the reader
     is referred to any logic texts such as [End], [DrG] or [Lew],
     is of the kind which we may expect, it is a semi-decision
     procedure which confirms if a formula is valid but may run
     forever for invalid formulas. Therefore, termination by running
     out of time or space after any finite number of steps will
     leave the question for the validity of a formula unsettled. [...]

2. (mathematics) (of a WFF) logically independent from the axioms of a given theory; i.e., that it can never be either proved or disproved (i.e., have its negation proved) on the basis of the axioms of the given theory. (Note: this latter definition is independent of any time bounds または computability issues, i.e., more Platonic.)

反意語

• decidable

関連する語

• noncomputable