treowとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Proto-West Germanic *treu, from Proto-Germanic *trewą. Germanic cognates include Old Frisian trē, Old Saxon trio, Old Norse tré, Gothic 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (triu).

別の表記

• trēo, trīo, trīow, trȳw, trēu, trēw

名詞

trēow n

1. tree
   • "Gospel of Saint Luke", chapter 19, verse 4

     Þā arn hē beforan and stāh ūp on ān trēow. Sicomorum þ hē hine ġesāwe. forþām þe hē wolde þanon faran...

     Then he ran in front and climbed (lit. ascended) up on a tree. From sycamores that he saw him. For which he would go from there.

   • Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church

     ...ðā ðā hǣðenan āhēowon þæt trēow mid ormǣtre blisse, þæt hit brastliende sāh tō ðām hālgan were, hetelīċe swīðe. Þā worhte hē onġēan ðām hrēosendum trēowe þǣs Hǣlendes rōde tācn, and hit ðǣrrihte ætstōd, wende ðā onġēan, and hrēas underbæc, and fornēan offēoll ðā ðe hit ǣr forcurfon.

     Then the heathens cut down the tree with immense joy, so that, rustling, it fell towards the holy man very violently. Then he made the sign of the Savior's cross to the falling tree, and it immediately stood still, turned around, and fell backwards, and almost fell upon those who had previously cut it.

2. wood
3. (collective) trees, a forest
4. a piece of wood: beam, log, stake, staff, cudgel
   • late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans

     ⁊ hæfdon ġeleornad mā cræfta hū hīe þā elpendas beswīcan mehton, mid þǣm þæt hīe nāmon trēowu, ⁊ slōgon on oþerne ende moniġe sċearpe īsene næġlas, ⁊ hīe mid flexe bewundon, ⁊ onbǣrndon hit, ⁊ beþyddan hit þonne on þone elpend hindan...

     And they had learned more tricks through which they could ensnare the elephants; they took stakes and drove into the other end many sharp iron nails, and wrapped them in flax, and set them on fire, and then thrust them into the elephant from behind...

5. gallows; cross

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

同意語

• (tree): bēam
• (gallows): ġealga, rōd

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: tre, tree, trew, trewe, trow, trowe, treo, treou, troe (Southern, Southwest Midland), trau (Kent), trouȝgh, trouȝh (Shropshire)
  • English: tree
  • Middle Scots: tre, tree, trie
    • Scots: tree
  • Yola: tren (plural)

語源 2

From Proto-West Germanic *treuwu, from Proto-Germanic *trewwō.

Cognate with Middle Dutch trouwe (Dutch trouw), Old Saxon treuwa, Old High German triuwa (German Treue).

別の表記

• trȳw

名詞

trēow f

1. loyalty, faithfulness
   • 10th century, The Wanderer:

     Til biþ sē þe his trēowe ġehealdeþ, · ne sċeal nǣfre his torn tō ryċene
     beorn of his brēostum ācȳþan, · nemþe hē ǣr þā bōte cunne,
     eorl mid elne ġefremman. · Wel bið þām þe him āre sēċeð,
     frōfre tō fæder on heofonum, · þǣr ūs eal sēo fæstnung stondeð.

     Good is that keeps his belief, should not ever unfold his wrath,
     fighter of his breasts, too quickly, unless before this help he would
     know how to help out a man with strength. It's good for him who seeks
     help from the Father in heavens, where this whole fastening stands for us.

2. grace, favour, help
3. an assurance of faith; word, promise, engagement, covenant, league
   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies

     Ġef ðē þurh trēowa findon þā ðe þē findon, sile mē þā trēowa.

     If it is by faith that they find Thee who do find Thee, give me that faith.

語形変化

Strong ō-stem:

関連する語

派生した語

• ⇒ Middle English: trewe, triewe, true (via singularized plural trēowa)
  • ⇒ English: truce (via plural trewes, triwes, trues)