trans-とは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /tɹænz/

接頭辞

trans-

1. Extending across, through, or over.

   ‎trans- + ‎national → ‎transnational

   ‎trans- + ‎regional → ‎transregional

   ‎trans- + ‎American → ‎transamerican

2. To or on the other side of, beyond; outside of.

   ‎trans- + ‎alpine → ‎transalpine

   ‎trans- + ‎uranic → ‎transuranic

3. (physical chemistry) A compound in which two atoms or groups are situated on opposite sides of some plane of symmetry passing through the compound. (Also used without the hyphen as an adjective; see trans.)

   transacetylase, tranexamic acid, transaldolase

4. Transgender or transsexual, or pertaining to those who are transgender or transsexual. [from 17th c.]

   transmasculine, transfeminist, transphobia

   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:trans-.

使用する際の注意点

• In the first two senses, "on the other side of", this prefix is usually attached directly to the word it modifies, or sometimes separated from it by a hyphen: transrhenane, trans-Neptunian.
• In the sex- or gender-related sense, this prefix is attached directly to certain words, most notably transgender and transsexual. In other cases, the related standalone adjective trans is used as an abbreviation for transgender: hence one speaks of issues facing the trans community and trans rights (not *transrights), etc. the same way one would speak of issues facing the transgender community and transgender rights. In particular, it can sometimes be considered offensive to write transman or trans-man, the preferred spelling being trans man (trans man), the same way you would say transgender men and not transgendermen. Compare cis- and cis.

同意語

• (abbreviation) x-
• (across, through): dia-, para-, per-
• (to or on the other side of): para-
• (beyond): para-, hyper-, ultra-, out-, extra-, preter-
• (outside of): ex-, ecto-

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “chemistry, other side/beyond, gender”): cis-

等位語

• dia-
• epi-

派生語

関連する語

• intra-
• inter-
• supra-

参考

• trans

アナグラム

• Ranst, ranst, rants, snart, starn, tRNAs, tarns, trnas

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtrãːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtrans]

接頭辞

trāns-

1. through, across, beyond

使用する際の注意点

• Before s, trāns- becomes trān-.

  ‎trans- + ‎scandō (“climb, ascend”) → ‎trānscendō (“climb over, cross, transcend”).

  ‎trans- + ‎scrībō (“write”) → ‎trānscrībō (“transcribe, forge, transfer”).

• For some words, the prefix manifests as trā- far more often than as trāns-.

  ‎trans- + ‎dūcō (“lead, take”) → ‎trādūcō (“bring across”), as opposed to trānsdūcō.

  ‎trans- + ‎iaciō (“throw, cast”) → ‎trāiciō (“throw across, throw over”), as opposed to trānsiciō.

  ‎trans- + ‎loquor (“speak, tell”) → ‎trāloquor (“talk over, recount”), as opposed to trānsloquor.

  ‎trans- + ‎nō (“swim”) → ‎trānō (“swim across”), as opposed to trānsnō.

派生語

発音

• IPA: /tɹænz/
• 韻: -ænz

語源 1

Borrowed from Latin trāns (“on the other side of”). Doublet of très.

形容詞

trans (not comparable)

1. (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the opposite side of the bond.
   • 1973, Kert F. Ivie, The Effect of Peroxidase on Model Systems of Lipoxidase and Linoleic Acid‎, page 10:

     A series of one electron shifts in this complex establish a new trans double bond at carbon ll which transfers the hydrogen to oxygen, forming the hydroperoxide and liberating the enzyme.

   • 2015, William P Edwards, The Science of Bakery Products, Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 26:

     A cis double bond is one where the hydrogen atoms are both on the same side. In contrast, a trans double bond has them on the opposite side.

2. (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are on opposite sides of the central atom.

   The trans effect is the labilization of ligands which are trans to certain other ligands.

3. (cytology) Of the side of the Golgi apparatus farther from the endoplasmic reticulum.

使用する際の注意点

Compare trans- and its usage notes.

反意語

• cis

派生語

語源 2

Clipping of transgender or transsexual (ultimately from Latin trāns).

形容詞

trans (not comparable)

1. Transgender or transsexual.
   • 2018 May 30, Shon Faye, “I’m trans, and I don’t care if we were ‘born this way’. Neither should you”, in The Guardian‎:

     Last week, a study released in Belgium suggested that trans people’s brains – including those of trans children – more closely matched those belonging to other members of the gender they identified with than with members of the gender associated with their sex at birth.

   • 2024 October 21, Devan Cole, “ACLU attorney will be the first openly transgender advocate to argue before Supreme Court”, in CNN‎:

     The community also has faced political setbacks in recent years as states passed a flurry of laws, including health care bans like the one at issue in the case and measures that prohibit trans students from participating on sports teams that are consistent with their gender identity.

2. Alternative form of trans* (“having any gender identity other than cisgender”).

使用する際の注意点

Compare trans- and its usage notes; see also trans*.

派生語

関連する語

• transgender
• transsexual
• transvestite

参考

• LGBTQ2
• LGBTQI
• LGBTQ
• LGBT
• non-binary

名詞

trans (plural transes)

1. (informal, sometimes offensive, sometimes humorous) A trans person.
   • 2001 November 23, D a#344, “TS out and proud compensation for passabilty?”, in alt.support.srs (Usenet):

     Good thing about Thanksgiving with the transes is you don;t need to explain your need to dialate in the middle of a movie. ; ) Dana a#344.

派生語

動詞

trans (third-person singular simple present transes, present participle transing, simple past and past participle transed)

1. (transitive, chiefly humorous or social sciences) To cause to cross from one side to another of (gender, sex or similar).
   • 2012, Trystan Cotten, Transgender Migrations: The Bodies, Borders, and Politics of Transition, →ISBN:

     […] as they interact with bodies transing gender (and other) borders and spaces.

   • 2012, Finn Enke, Transfeminist Perspectives in and beyond Transgender and Gender Studies, →ISBN, pages 4 and 20:

     Although they did so in sometimes very different ways and in different communities, transsexuals, drag queens, butch lesbians, cross-dressers, feminine men, and masculine women all in some senses crossed, or transed, gender[.] […] People who trans gender as well as people who do not may receive cis-privileges, and people who do not intentionally trans gender as well as people who do are denied cis-privileges if they fail to pass (or pass enough) in the sex/gender they are expected to be.

2. (transitive, Internet slang, offensive or humorous) To render (someone) transgender.

   Synonym: trans someone's gender

   doctors accused of transing kids

3. (intransitive, Internet slang, offensive or humorous) To become transgender.
   • 2023 January 5, @WingsScotland, Twitter‎:

     They thought of that. The proposals make an exception for "affirmative" practices. You can say yes to your kid transing, but not no.

派生語

語源 3

Clipping.

名詞

trans (plural transes)

1. Clipping of transaction.
2. Clipping of transmission.
   • 1998 May 14, Gary S. Callison, “Trans change (was: Something I just deleted and forgot)”, in alt.fan.cecil-adams (Usenet):

     Most of the transes I've seen die started out by losing a gear, usually the high one. If this happens to you, first check the trans fluid level, *then* panic.

   • 2005 September 13, Richard, Re: Valvoline Transmission Fluid ATF+3 Chrysler Approved?, rec.autos.makers.chrysler, Usenet, quoting another user:

     If there really had been a difference and the transes were so forgiving as to be able to tolerate it, then cheaper alternatives like Lubeguard and […]

語源 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

名詞

trans

1. plural of tran

参照

• “trans”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

• trans in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “trans”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

参考

• trans tape (etymologically unrelated?)

アナグラム

• Ranst, ranst, rants, snart, starn, tRNAs, tarns, trnas

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtrãːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtrans]

前置詞

trāns (+ accusative)

1. across, beyond

派生語

• trāns-
• trānstrum

派生した語

参考

• meta (Greek)

参照

• “trans”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “trans”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “trans”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• trans in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016