takeoffとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Deverbal from take off.

発音

名詞

takeoff (countable and uncountable, plural takeoffs)

1. A launch or ascent into the air or into flight, such as of an aircraft, rocket, bird, high-jumper etc.

   Coordinate term: landing

   The flight was smooth, but the takeoff was a little rough.

   That high-jumper's takeoff needs some work.

   The mute swan, being one of the world's heaviest flying birds, can have a laborious takeoff.

2. A parody or lampoon of someone or something.

   Weird Al's song "Lasagna" is a takeoff on the popular song "La Bamba".

   • 1897, Edward Bellamy, “ch. 23”, in Equality:

     I came across a little pamphlet of the period, yellow and almost undecipherable, which, on examination, I found to be a rather amusing skit or satirical take-off on the profit system.

   • 1981 February 7, Beth Hodges, Michelle Cliff, “An Interview With Michelle Cliff”, in Gay Community News, volume 8, number 28, page 8:

     I had originally titled it, On Claiming An Identity They Taught Me To Despise. I said that having been a Renaissance historian, I was doing a take-off of the Latin tracts—"On This," "On That," "On the Beauty of Women."

3. A quantification, especially of building materials.

   I'll give you an estimate after I do the quantity takeoffs for the trusses and structural steel.

4. (printing, UK, historical) The removal of sheets from the press.
5. The spot from which one takes off; specifically, the place from which a jumper rises in leaping.
   • Encyclopaedia of Sport

     The take-off should be selected with great care, and a pit of large dimensions provided on the landing side.

6. (surfing) The initial movement a surfer makes to start riding a wave.
   • 1966, Bruce Brown, director, The Endless Summer:

     Steamer Lane, home of the world's latest takeoff.

同意語

• liftoff

下位語

(start of a flight):

• rejected takeoff
• rolling takeoff

派生語

参考

• take off

アナグラム

• offtake

動詞

take off (third-person singular simple present takes off, present participle taking off, simple past took off, past participle taken off)

1. (transitive) To remove.

   He took off his shoes.

   The test grader takes off a point for every misspelled word.

   Tomorrow the doctor will take the cast off her arm.

   • 1980, Lee Sheldon, “Three for the Money”, in George McCowan, director, Charlie's Angels, season 4, episode 23, via ABC:

     Sounds nice. Has a certain ring to it. Take your shirt off.

   • 1995, Richard Rhodes, quoting Curtis LeMay, “Scorpions in a Bottle”, in Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb, New York: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, page 574:

     The Russian bear has always been eager to stick his paw in Latin American waters. Now we've got him in a trap, let's take his leg off right up to his testicles. On second thought, let's take off his testicles, too.

   • 2024 January 10, Chris Gilson, “RAIL's famous five...”, in Rail, number 1000, page 27:

     By March 1994, it had moved to Cardiff Canton, and was still allocated there when its nameplates were taken off in March 1997.

2. (usually transitive) To imitate (somebody), often in a satirical manner.
   • 1978 April 22, Robert Chesley, “The Return Of The Peaches”, in Gay Community News, page 12:

     Yes, the Peaches, on a nearly non-existent budget, lack professionalism. The basic format of this show — taking off on television, with a soap opera, a quiz show, news, a cooking class and commercials for KY and grass, etc. — resembles kids getting up a skit.

   • 1986, John Le Carré, A Perfect Spy, Sceptre, published 2011, page 365:

     Pym would take him off perfectly, thought Brotherhood. Pym would catch that accent to a tee.

3. (intransitive) To leave the ground and ascend into the air or into flight.

   The plane has been cleared to take off from runway 3.

   That high-jumper takes off from her left foot.

   Mute swans need a long stretch of water in order to take off.

4. (surfing) To stand up on a surfboard and begin to surf a breaking wave.
   • 1966, Bruce Brown, director, The Endless Summer:

     You take off, make the steep drop, hear the white water rumbling behind you and feel the spray on your back.

5. (intransitive) To become successful, to flourish.

   The business has really taken off this year and has made quite a profit.

   • 2007 July 12, The Guardian, A welcome invasion.

     The message is now the medium – that is powerful and means products can take off practically all by themselves.

   • 2023 November 1, Nick Brodrick talks to Jason Cocker, “A station that "oozes" customer service...”, in RAIL, number 995, pages 52-53:

     As well as the boom in off-peak leisure numbers, "there has been a big spike in passenger assistance - that's really taken off as well", he continues. "We're probably victims of our own success because we promote this more than we ever used to. We promote how accessible the railways are. I think that this area has more than doubled from pre-COVID levels.

6. (intransitive) To depart.

   I'm going to take off now.

   Take off, loser!

   • 1976 February 14, KES, “Relationships Continued”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 33, page 5:

     It is so easy when problems arise in a relationship to just take off.

   • 2020, Armando Lazzari, Dinner with the Mafia:

     Ben threw twenty bucks on the table, grabbed the map and took off after the thief, following Susan who had run off before him.

7. (transitive) To quantify.

   I'll take off the concrete and steel for this construction project.

8. (ambitransitive) To absent oneself from (work or other responsibility), especially with permission.

   If you take off for Thanksgiving you must work Christmas and vice versa.

   He decided to let his mother take a night off from cooking, so he took her and his siblings out to dinner.

9. (intransitive, slang, dated) To take drugs; to inject drugs.
10. (transitive, slang, dated) To steal (something) or rob (someone).
11. (transitive, archaic) To swallow.

    to take off a glass of wine

同意語

• (remove clothing): doff
• (imitate): ape, imitate, impersonate, mimic
• (become successful): bloom, blossom, flourish, grow, thrive
• (depart): See depart

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “remove”): don (applies to clothing only), put on
• (antonym(s) of “ascend”): land (also applies to spacecraft and some other vessels)
• (antonym(s) of “begin flight”): land, touch down

派生語

参考

• to lift off

名詞

take off (plural take offs)

1. Nonstandard spelling of takeoff.
   • 1986, Ira Katznelson, Aristide R. Zolberg, Working-class Formation, page 45:

     France never experienced a "take off" of the sort hypothesized by W. W. Rostow — a sudden spurt of output that begins sustained industrial growth.

   • 2003, Calin M. Popescu, Kan Phaobunjong, Nuntapong Ovararin, Estimating Building Costs, page 354:

     Therefore, the only sure way to estimate the quantity of lumber required for any particular job is to do a take off of each piece of lumber needed for the work.

   • 2003, N. A. Cumpsty, Jet Propulsion:

     This is virtually equal to the minimum value shown above to be necessary in the case of a total loss in thrust from one of the four engines at take off.

アナグラム

• offtake