sphincterとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Learned borrowing from Late Latin sphinctēr (“the muscle of the anus”), from Ancient Greek σφῐγκτήρ (sphĭnktḗr, “lace, band; contractile muscle”), ultimately of Pre-Greek origin. Possibly related to sphinx (“the strangler”).

発音

• (General American) IPA: /ˈsfɪŋk.tɚ/

名詞

sphincter (plural sphincters or sphincteres)

1. (anatomy) A ringlike band of muscle that surrounds a bodily opening (such as the anus or the openings of the stomach), constricting and relaxing as required for normal physiological functioning.

   Hyponyms: anal sphincter, lissosphincter, lower esophageal sphincter, pyloric sphincter, rhabdosphincter, sphincter of Oddi, upper esophageal sphincter, urethral sphincter

   the sphincter of the bladder

   the iris sphincter in the eye

   • 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance (The Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, page 836:

     She decided that she would force him to climax first by the sheer strength of her young animal control, the strength of her sphincters […]

   • 2017 August 9, Mark Carnall, “Why do cephalopods produce ink? And what's ink made of, anyway?”, in The Guardian‎:

     The ink sac feeds into the rectum, controlled by a sphincter and in some inking events mucus from another organ, the funnel organ is ejected with water and ink through the anus and the siphon to create a cloud of ink.

   • 2017 September, Drew Kann, “How a CIA traitor turned his son into a Russian spy”, in CNN‎:

     Polygraph operators place their subjects on a pad that can sense the clenching of their sphincters, a device known by those who’ve sat on them as the “whoopee cushion.” Maguire took his seat, his sphincter already tight enough to crush walnuts.

   • 2019 February 1, AJ Willingham, “How to watch the Super Bowl and actually keep up”, in CNN‎:

     Go ahead, use your eye sphincters and watch the roof opening and closing.

派生語

• sphincteral
• sphincteric
• sphinctero-

関連する語

• sphinx

参考

• cardia

参照

• “sphincter”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “sphincter”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

発音

• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsfiŋk.t̪er]

名詞

sphinctēr m (genitive sphinctēris); third declension (Late Latin)

1. (anatomy) The sphincter, the muscle of the anus.

Inflection

Third-declension noun.

派生した語

• → English: sphincter
• → French: sphincter