sootheとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 sothen (“to verify, prove the validity of”), from 古期英語 sōþian (“to verify, prove, confirm, bear witness to”), from Proto-West Germanic *sanþōn, from Proto-Germanic *sanþōną (“to prove, certify, acknowledge, testify”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”). Cognate with Danish sande (“to verify”), Swedish sanna (“to verify”), Icelandic sanna (“to verify”). See also sooth. Displaced native 古期英語 frēfran, ġefrēfran (“to comfort, console, soothe”), and partially displaced native 古期英語 stillan, ġestillan (“to calm, become calm, pacify, quieten”) (whence modern still).

The semantic evolution of "to verify, prove the validity of" → "to comfort" (first attested in the late 17th century) comes from the notion of assuaging someone by supporting the truth of what they say.

発音

• IPA: /suːð/
• 韻: -uːð

動詞

soothe (third-person singular simple present soothes, present participle soothing, simple past and past participle soothed)

1. (transitive) To restore to ease, comfort, or tranquility; relieve; calm; quiet; refresh.

   Synonyms: becalm, placate; see also Thesaurus:pacify

   • 1697, [William] Congreve, The Mourning Bride, a Tragedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act I, page 1:

     Muſick has Charms to ſooth a ſavage Breaſt,
     To ſoften Rocks, or bend a knotted Oak.

   • 2013 October 11, Daniel Taylor, The Guardian‎:

     Yet Wayne Rooney scored at a good time, three minutes after the restart, to soothe any gathering nerves and the night can ultimately be chalked off as one of the finest occasions of Hodgson's 17 months in the job.

2. (transitive) To allay; assuage; mitigate; soften.
3. (transitive, rare) To smooth over; render less obnoxious.
4. (transitive) To calm or placate someone or some situation.
5. (transitive) To ease or relieve pain or suffering.

   Synonyms: comfort, solace; see also Thesaurus:comfort

   • 1976, The Wurzels, I Am A Cider Drinker:

     I am a cider drinker, I drinks it all of the day
     I am a cider drinker, it soothes all me troubles away

6. (intransitive) To temporise by assent, concession, flattery, or cajolery.
7. (intransitive) To bring comfort or relief.
8. (transitive) To keep in good humour; wheedle; cajole; flatter.

   Synonyms: jolly, lay it on thick, puff; see also Thesaurus:flatter

9. (transitive, obsolete) To prove true; verify; confirm as true.
10. (transitive, obsolete) To confirm the statements of; maintain the truthfulness of (a person); bear out.
11. (transitive, obsolete) To assent to; yield to; humour by agreement or concession.

    Synonyms: comply, give way; see also Thesaurus:accede

    • 1603, Plutarch, “Of the Nouriture and Education of Children”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Philosophie, Commonlie Called, The Morals […], London: […] Arnold Hatfield, →OCLC, page 15:

      To be ſhort, a wretched and curſed generation they be; hypocrites, pretending friendſhip, but they can not skill of plaine dealing and franke ſpeech. Rich men they claw, ſooth up and flatter: the poore they contemne and despiſe.

派生語

• soothing
• soothsayer