set downとは 意味・読み方・使い方

動詞

set down (third-person singular simple present sets down, present participle setting down, simple past and past participle set down)

1. (idiomatic, transitive) To write.

   I set down this account so others may benefit from my experience.

   • 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the Theater, published 1707, →OCLC:

     Some rules were to be set down for the government of the army.

2. (transitive) To fix; to establish; to ordain.
   • 1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

     This law we may name eternal, being that order which God […] hath set down with himself, for himself to do all things by.

3. (transitive, especially British) To place, especially on the ground or a surface; to cease carrying; to deposit; to allow passengers to alight.
   • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author Sets out as Captain of a Ship. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part IV (A Voyage to the Houyhnhnms), page 159:

     They rowed about a League; and then ſet me down on a Strand.

4. (aviation, transitive, intransitive) To land.

   The bush pilot set down on a sandbar.

5. (obsolete, transitive) To humiliate.
   • 1907, E.M. Forster, The Longest Journey, Part I, XI [Uniform ed., p. 120]:

     "To snub people! to set them down! to be rude to them! to make them feel small! Surely that’s the lifework of a hero?"

6. (transitive) To regard (someone) in a particular way; to put down as.

   I set him down as an idiot.

同意語

• (deposit): drop off

アナグラム

• down-set, downest, downset

語源

• Deverbal from set down.
• (buttocks): See set as US regional form of sit, and see sit down.

発音

名詞

setdown (countable and uncountable, plural setdowns)

1. The act of setting down something or someone.

   setdown areas in a factory for materials unloaded from incoming vehicles

   • 1980, Brian O’Connor, chapter 23, in The One-Shot War,‎, New York: Times Books, page 149:

     The [tour] bus brought them to the next setdown point, the gravesites of John and Robert Kennedy.

   • 2003, Nancy Kerrigan and Mary Spencer, Artistry on Ice, Champaign IL: Human Kinetics, Chapter 18, p. 141,

     […] lifts are an equal relationship, with both [figure skating] partners starting the lift, maintaining its position in the air, and executing a smooth setdown.

2. The act of descending onto a surface (of an aircraft or spacecraft).

   Synonyms: landing, touchdown

   • 1957, Lester Del Rey, chapter 11, in Rockets through Space‎, Philadelphia: John C. Winston, page 62:

     The platforms [at the rear of the spaceship] will also have legs for landing—designed to cushion the setdown and also to help level off the ship.

   • 1969, Andre Norton, chapter 13, in Postmarked the Stars‎, New York: Ballantine, published 1985, page 132:

     The medic would have to hold them on hover and watch the radar for a clear setdown.

   • 1986, James Clavell, Whirlwind‎, New York: William Morrow, Volume 1, Book 1, Chapter 5, p. 110:

     You had almost no time, yet you autorotate at barely three hundred feet to make a perfect setdown on this flyspot. That was incredible flying.

3. (dated) The humbling of a person by act or words.
   • 1931, E. F. Benson, chapter 6, in Mapp and Lucia‎, London: Hesperus, published 2014, page 143:

     Diva fell quietly asleep, and presently there were indications that she would soon be noisily asleep. Miss Mapp hoped that she would begin to snore properly, for that would be a good set-down for Lucia […]

4. (dated) A retort or a reproof that has a humbling effect.

   Synonym: put-down

   • 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter 3, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 26:

     He walked here, and he walked there, fancying himself so very great! […] I wish you had been there my dear, to have given him one of your set downs.

   • 1907, Beatrice Grimshaw, chapter 15, in In the Strange South Seas,‎, London: Hutchinson, page 314:

     To see a family taking deck passage on the boat […] is an interesting spot in the day’s experience, especially when some patronising passenger, accustomed to “natives” in other countries, gets one of the delightful set-downs the Maori can give so effectively.

5. (slang, obsolete) A sit-down meal eaten by a tramp; a charitable meal provided to a tramp in the giver's home.
   • 1899, Josiah Flynt, Tramping with Tramps‎, New York: Century, published 1901, Part 1, Chapter 6, p. 146, footnote 1:

     In Germany and England the tramps usually eat their set-downs in cheap restaurants or at lodging-houses.

   • 1907, Jack London, “Holding Her Down”, in The Road‎, New York: Macmillan, page 28:

     They had just finished eating, and I was taken right into the dining room—in itself a most unusual happening, for the tramp who is lucky enough to win a set-down usually receives it in the kitchen.

6. (US, slang, obsolete) A person’s buttocks.
   • 1915, Clifton Johnson, chapter 11, in Highways and Byways of New England‎, New York: Macmillan, page 218:

     “If we [boys] did get caught the watchman would take the wooden end of his hood, slap our setdowns, then give us a kick and say, ‘Get out!’ […] ”

アナグラム

• down-set, downest, downset