s underとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 sunder, from 古期英語 sundor- (“separate, different”), from Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“isolated, particular, alone”), from Proto-Indo-European *snter-, *seni-, *senu-, *san- (“apart, without, for oneself”). Cognate with Old Saxon sundar (“particular, special”), Dutch zonder (“without”), German sonder- (“special”), German sondern (“to separate, set apart”), Old Norse sundr (“separate”), Danish sønder (“apart, asunder”), Latin sine (“without”).

形容詞

sunder (comparative more sunder, superlative most sunder)

1. (dialectal or obsolete) Sundry; separate; different.

派生語

• sunderling
• sunderly

語源 2

From 中期英語 sundren (“to separate, part, divide”), from 古期英語 sundrian (“to separate, split, part, divide”), from Proto-Germanic *sundrōną (“to separate”), from Proto-Indo-European *sen(e)- (“separate, without”). Cognate with Scots sinder, sunder (“to separate, divide, split up”), Dutch zonderen (“to isolate”), German sondern (“to separate”), Swedish söndra (“to divide”). More at sundry.

動詞

sunder (third-person singular simple present sunders, present participle sundering, simple past and past participle sundered)

1. (transitive) To break or separate or to break apart, especially with force.
   • 1842, Edgar Allan Poe, The Pit and the Pendulum:

     Notwithstanding its terrifically wide sweep, (some thirty feet or more,) and the hissing vigor of its descent, sufficient to sunder these very walls of iron, still the fraying of my robe would be all that, for several minutes, it would accomplish.

   • 1967, Lloyd Alexander, Taran Wanderer:

     In Taran's hand the sundered bone had turned into gray dust, which he cast aside.

2. (intransitive) To part, separate.
   • 1881 Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Severed Selves, lines 8-9

     Two souls, the shores wave-mocked of sundering seas: —

     Such are we now.

   • 2003, Dean Barton, Searching for the Evergreen Man‎, Llumina Press, →ISBN, page 69:

     … Carlo finally saw Everything, before it sunders into things; he saw Knowledge before it sunders into knowing; he saw Integrity before it sunders in integrals; he saw Unity before it sunders into units.

3. (UK, dialect, dated, transitive) To expose to the sun and wind.
   • 1788, William Marshall, The Rural Economy of Yorkshire:

     Where a fair opportunity offers, and the grass is perfectly dry, the hipples are sundered; that is, broken out into beds in the usual manner, turned, and again got up into cocklets, of such size as the state of dryness requires.

   • 1941, The Queensland Agricultural and Pastoral Handbook, page 82:

     Except under abnormal conditions, protection can be afforded to a field by cutting a strip half a chain in width all round the field, with a reaper and binder for preference, when the crop is in the best condition for hay, and then ploughing or sunder-cutting the stubble.

   • 2010, Stony Stern, Run Past The Hunter, page 143:

     The trees and shrubs all around us began to show the signs of death; dried branches, leafless gray and molding wood. The ground here was as hard as stone, the dirt and dust dry as bone sundered in the desert scorch.

   • 2013, Thomas Glave, Among the Bloodpeople: Politics and Flesh, page 165:

     The world, a good deal of it, sundered, scorched.

派生語

関連する語

• sundry

名詞

sunder (plural sunders)

1. a separation into parts; a division or severance
   • 1939, Alfred Edward Housman, Additional Poems, VII, lines 2-4:

     He would not stay for me to stand and gaze.
     I shook his hand and tore my heart in sunder
     And went with half my life about my ways.

派生語

• sundrous

参考

• sunder tree

アナグラム

• Durens, Dusner, drusen, nursed, Øresund

副詞

sunder

1. alternative form of sundor