roundhouseとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• round house

語源

From round +‎ house, a calque of Dutch rondhuis (“guardhouse”). First attested in the Mid-15th c.

発音

• (General American) IPA: /ˈɹaʊndˌhaʊs/

名詞

roundhouse (plural roundhouses)

1. A circular prison, especially a small local lockup or station house. [from 15th c.]

   Hypernym: jailhouse

   Coordinate term: big house

   • 1808–10, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, Folio Society 1995, p. 137:

     [T]he gentlemen in the coffee room insisted upon the watch being called, or a constable. With considerable difficulty the two heroes were carried off to the round-house, and there lodged for the night.

2. (nautical, now chiefly historical) The uppermost room or cabin of any note upon the stern of a ship. [from 17th c.]

   Coordinate terms: wheelhouse, pilothouse

3. (nautical, now historical) A privy near the bow of a vessel, especially as reserved for officers. [from 19th c.]

   Hypernym: head

4. (rail transport) A circular building in which locomotives are housed, sometimes with a turntable. [from 19th c.]
   • 1948 November and December, “Crewe M.P.D. to be Modernised”, in Railway Magazine, page 372:

     Crewe North Motive Power Depot is to be modernised completely. This includes the provision of a new coaling plant, ash handling plant, and two new locomotive sheds of the latest roundhouse type, each with 32 roads radiating from a 70-ft. dia. turntable.

   • 2020 March 25, “Network News: HS2 work uncovers oldest roundhouse”, in Rail, page 16:

     Archaeologists working on HS2 in Birmingham have uncovered the remains of what is believed to be the world's oldest railway roundhouse at Curzon Street station.

5. (archaeology) A prehistoric dwelling typical of northwest Europe in the Iron Age and Bronze Age. [from 19th c.]

   Hyponym: Atlantic roundhouse

   Coordinate term: wheelhouse

   • 2019, Alan Staniforth, Cleveland Way, page 66:

     A central stone slab cist containing the burial was surrounded by a circles of stones placed on edge, probably to represent the round house in which the deceased had lived.

6. (chiefly US) A punch or kick delivered with an exaggerated sweeping movement. [from 20th c.]

   Hyponym: roundhouse kick

7. (card games) In the game of pinochle, a meld consisting of a queen and king in each of the four suits.

派生語

関連する語

• (rail transport) engine shed

動詞

roundhouse (third-person singular simple present roundhouses, present participle roundhousing, simple past and past participle roundhoused)

1. (transitive) To punch or kick with an exaggerated sweeping movement.
   • 2008 March 16, Nathaniel Fick, “Worries Over Being ‘Slimed’”, in New York Times‎:

     We focused on the nerve-agent feint, and got roundhoused by the insurgent hook.

   • 2009, Diane Tullson, Riley Park, page 18:

     I'm on my feet and my fist is roundhousing and I feel flesh. I hit again, and teeth crack under my fist. I hear voices and they're shouting and a light burns into my face.