riftとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: rĭft, IPA: /ɹɪft/
• 韻: -ɪft
• Homophone: riffed

語源 1

From 中期英語 rift, of North Germanic origin; akin to Danish rift, Norwegian Bokmål rift (“breach”), Old Norse rífa (“to tear”). More at rive.

名詞

rift (plural rifts)

1. A chasm or fissure.

   The Grand Canyon is a rift in the Earth's surface, but is smaller than some of the undersea ones.

   • 1863, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “Enceladus”, in Birds of Passage‎:

     Where ashes are heaped in drifts / Over vineyard and field and town, / Whenever he starts and lifts / His head through the blackened rifts / Of the crags that keep him down

   • 1897, Bram Stoker, chapter II, in Dracula, New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC:

     As far as the eye can reach is a sea of green tree tops, with occasionally a deep rift where there is a chasm. Here and there are silver threads where the rivers wind in deep gorges through the forests.

   • 1918, John Muir, Steep Trails‎:

     Far back in the dim geologic ages, when the sediments of the old seas were being gathered and outspread in smooth sheets like leaves of a book, and when these sediments became dry land, and were baked and crumbled into the sky as mountain ranges; when the lava-floods of the Fire Period were being lavishly poured forth from innumerable rifts and craters; […] .

2. (figurative) A lack of cohesion; a state of conflict, incompatibility, or emotional distance.

   My marriage is in trouble: the fight created a rift between us and we can't reconnect.

   • 2025 June 3, David Smith, “Elon Musk calls Trump’s ‘big, beautiful’ tax bill a ‘disgusting abomination’”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:

     Elon Musk, the billionaire tech entrepreneur, has opened a new rift with Donald Trump by denouncing the US president’s tax and spending bill as a “disgusting abomination”.

3. A break in the clouds, fog, mist etc., which allows light through.
   • 1931, William Faulkner, Sanctuary, Vintage, published 1993, page 130:

     I have but one rift in the darkness, that is that I have injured no one save myself by my folly, and that the extent of that folly you will never learn.

4. A shallow place in a stream; a ford.

派生語

派生した語

• → Portuguese: rifte

動詞

rift (third-person singular simple present rifts, present participle rifting, simple past and past participle rifted)

1. (intransitive) To form a rift; to split open.
2. (transitive) To cleave; to rive; to split.

   to rift an oak

   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:

     to the dread rattling thunder / Have I given fire and rifted Jove's stout oak / With his own bolt

   • 1822, William Wordsworth, A Jewish Family (in a small valley opposite St. Goar, upon the Rhine)‎, lines 9–11:

     The Mother—her thou must have seen, / In spirit, ere she came / To dwell these rifted rocks between.

   • 1894, Ivan Dexter, Talmud: A Strange Narrative of Central Australia, published in serial form in Port Adelaide News and Lefevre's Peninsula Advertiser (SA), Chapter III, [5]

     he stopped rigid as one petrified and gazed through the rifted logs of the raft into the water.

語源 2

From Old Norse rypta.

動詞

rift (third-person singular simple present rifts, present participle rifting, simple past and past participle rifted)

1. (obsolete outside Scotland and northern UK) To belch.

語源 3

動詞

rift (obsolete)

1. past participle of rive

   The mightie trunck halfe rent, with ragged rift
   Doth roll adowne the rocks, and fall with fearefull drift.

   • 1986 December 21, Corinne Lightweaver, “AIDS Fears Shadow Lesbian's Memories”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 23, page 6:

     Whether these men are alive or not, the fragile meeting ground I shared with them has been rift apart by a microscopic menace they didn't tell us about in high school biology.

アナグラム

• FTIR, frit

発音

• IPA: /rift/

名詞

rift n (nominative plural rift)

1. a veil; curtain; cloak

関連する語

• rifte

派生した語

• Middle English: rift