regretとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 regretten, regreten, from Old French regreter, regrater (“to lament”), from re- (intensive prefix) + *greter, *grater (“to weep”), from Frankish *grātan (“to weep, mourn, lament”), from Proto-Germanic *grētaną (“to weep”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₁d- (“to sound”); and Frankish *greutan (“to cry, weep”), from Proto-Germanic *greutaną (“to weep, cry”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd- (“to weep, be sad”), equivalent to re- +‎ greet. Cognate with Old High German grāzan (“to cry”), 古期英語 grǣtan (“to weep, greet”), 古期英語 grēotan (“to weep, lament”), Old Norse gráta (“to weep, groan”), Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐍄𐌰𐌽 (grētan, “to weep”). More at greet.

発音

• IPA: /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/, /ɹəˈɡɹɛt/, /ɹiˈɡɹɛt/
• 韻: -ɛt

動詞

regret (third-person singular simple present regrets, present participle regretting, simple past and past participle regretted)

1. To feel sorry about (a thing that has or has not happened), afterthink: to wish that a thing had not happened, that something else had happened instead.

   Synonym: rue

   He regretted his words.

   They said they regretted to inform us that the train would be late.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     Judge Short had gone to town, and Farrar was off for a three days' cruise up the lake. I was bitterly regretting I had not gone with him when the distant notes of a coach horn reached my ear, and I descried a four-in-hand winding its way up the inn road from the direction of Mohair.

   • 2004 November 9, Bungie, Halo 2, spoken by Avery Johnson (David Scully), Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox, level/area: Outskirts:

     Dear humanity, we regret bein' alien bastards, we regret comin' to Earth, and we most definitely regret the Corps just blew up our raggedy-ass fleet!

2. (more generally) To feel sorry about (any thing).

   Synonyms: grieve, lament; see also Thesaurus:be sad

   I regret that I have to do this, but I don't have a choice.

3. (archaic, transitive) To miss; to feel the loss or absence of; to mourn.
   • 1845, The Church of England Magazine, volume 19, page 301:

     He more than ever regretted his home, and with increased desire longed to see his family.

   • 1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:

     This [the Cage] was but one of Cluny’s hiding-places; he had caves, besides, and underground chambers in several parts of his country; and following the reports of his scouts, he moved from one to another as the soldiers drew near or moved away. By this manner of living, and thanks to the affection of his clan, he had not only stayed all this time in safety, while so many others had fled or been taken and slain: but stayed four or five years longer, and only went to France at last by the express command of his master. There he soon died; and it is strange to reflect that he may have regretted his Cage upon Ben Alder.

使用する際の注意点

• "Regret" is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (the -ing form), except in set phrases with tell, say, and inform, where the to infinitive is used. See Appendix:English catenative verbs

派生語

名詞

regret (countable and uncountable, plural regrets)

1. Emotional pain on account of something done or experienced in the past, with a wish that it had been different; a looking back with dissatisfaction or with longing.

   Synonyms: nostalgia, remorse, repentance, unsatisfaction; see also Thesaurus:remorse

   • 1828, Thomas Macaulay, John Dryden:

     What man does not remember with regret the first time he read Robinson Crusoe?

   • 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, (please specify |book=I to XVI), in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater:

     Never any prince expressed a more lively regret for the loss of a servant.

   • 1819 June 23 – 1820 September 13, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “(please specify the title)”, in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., New York, N.Y.: […] C[ornelius] S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC:

     From its peaceful bosom [the grave] spring none but fond regrets and tender recollections.

2. (obsolete) Dislike; aversion.
   • 1667, Richard Allestree, The Causes of the Decay of Christian Piety:

     Is it a vertue to have some ineffective regrets to damnation, and such a Vertue too, as shall serve to ballance all our vices?

3. (decision theory) The amount of avoidable loss that results from choosing the wrong action.
   • 2002, Bernd Droge, On the Minimax Regret Estimation of a Restricted Normal Mean, and Implications:

     Under squared errorloss we show that there exists unique minimax regret solution for the problem of selecting the threshold.

   • 2012, Herman Chernoff, Lincoln E. Moses, Elementary Decision Theory, page 12:

     Each loss then represents this unavoidable loss plus a regret (loss due to ignorance of Ө). Subtracting these unavoidable losses, we obtain the regret table, Table 1.7, and the average regret table, Table 1.8.

4. A person invited to an event who was unable to attend, but notified the organizer of this beforehand; a nonattendee.

派生語

Further reading

• “regret”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “regret”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• greter