pukeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Probably imitative; or, alternatively from Proto-Germanic *pukaną (“to spit, puff”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”). If so, then cognate with German pfauchen, fauchen (“to hiss, spit”). Compare also Dutch spugen (“to spit, spit up”), German spucken (“to spit, puke, throw up”), 古期英語 spīwan (“to vomit, spit”). More at spew.

Attested as early as 1581, first mention is the derivative pukishness (“the tendency to be sick frequently”). In 1600, "to spit up, regurgitate", recorded in the Seven Ages of Man speech in Shakespeare's As You Like It.

名詞

puke (countable and uncountable, plural pukes)

1. (colloquial, uncountable) vomit.
   • 2007, The Guardian, The Guardian Science blog, "The latest in the war on terror: the puke saber"

     the puke saber [...] pulses light over rapidly changing wavelengths, apparently inducing "disorientation, nausea and even vomiting"

2. (colloquial, countable) A drug that induces vomiting.
   • 1776, Physician Lewis Beebe, Diary of a Revolutionary Army Physician‎:

     "at 8 a.m. took a puke of vinum antimoniale; which operated very kindly; was very weak the remainder of the day."

3. (colloquial, countable) A worthless, despicable person.
4. (US, slang, derogatory, countable) A person from Missouri.
   • 2009, Clive Scott Chisholm, Following the Wrong God Home: Footloose in an American Dream:

     "Pukes" and "suckers" had badly mauled the Saints, the first pummeling them from Missouri and the second from Illinois.

同意語

• See Thesaurus:vomit
• (person) rotter

派生語

動詞

puke (third-person singular simple present pukes, present participle puking, simple past and past participle puked)

1. (colloquial, ambitransitive) To vomit; to throw up; to eject from the stomach.

   Unfortunately, he could not hold it long enough till the end of the ride, so he puked on the bus seat.

   • c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii]:

     At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms

   • 1612–1613 (date written), John Webster, The Tragedy of the Dutchesse of Malfy. […], London: […] Nicholas Okes, for Iohn Waterson, […], published 1623, →OCLC, Act II, scene i, signature D2, recto:

     I obſerue our Ducheſſe / Is ſicke a dayes, ſhe puykes, her ſtomacke ſeethes, […]

2. (intransitive, finance, slang) To sell securities or investments at a loss, often under duress or pressure, in order to satisfy liquidity or margin requirements, or out of a desire to exit a deteriorating market.

同意語

• See Thesaurus:regurgitate
• vomit
• barf
• spew
• throw up
• spew up

派生語

語源 2

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

名詞

puke (uncountable)

1. A fine grade of woolen cloth.
   • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:

     Puke-stocking caddis garter

2. A very dark, dull, brownish-red color.

参照

• wollencloth: Word Detective
• The Universal Dictionary of English, 1896, 4 vols: "Of a dark colour, said to be between black and russet."
• James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Puke”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.