publicusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Old Latin poplicus, from Old Latin poplus, which became Latin populus (“the people”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), of unknown origin.

The change from -ŏp- to -ūb- is traditionally explained as paronymic attraction to pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”). An alternative explanation is that it is a regular sound change, divisible into two steps: voicing of -p-, then breaking of -o- to -ou- (subsequently monophthongized to -ū-).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpuː.bli.kus/, [ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpu.bli.kus/, [ˈpuːblikus]

形容詞

pūblicus (feminine pūblica, neuter pūblicum); first/second-declension adjective

1. of or belonging to the people, state, or community

   Synonym: forēnsis

   • 58–49 BCE, Gaius Julius Caesar, chapter 13, in Commentarii de Bello Gallico, volume VI:

     Illi rebus divinis intersunt, sacrificia publica ac privata procurant, religiones interpretantur […]

     The former are engaged in things sacred, conduct the public and the private sacrifices, and interpret all matters of religion.

2. public, general

   Synonym: forēnsis

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

名詞

pūblicus m (genitive pūblicī); second declension

1. a public officer, magistrate

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

参照

Further reading

• “publicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• publicus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• publicus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to be interred (at the expense of the state, at one's own cost): funere efferri or simply efferri (publice; publico, suo sumptu)
    
  • statesmen: auctores consilii publici
    
  • public land; state domain: ager publicus
    
  • (ambiguous) in the time of the Republic: libera re publica
    
  • (ambiguous) to be interred (at the expense of the state, at one's own cost): funere efferri or simply efferri (publice; publico, suo sumptu)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be cast out unburied: proiici inhumatum (in publicum)
    
  • (ambiguous) in the streets: in publico
    
  • (ambiguous) to show oneself in the streets, in public: in publicum prodire (Verr. 2. 1. 31)
    
  • (ambiguous) to never appear in public: publico carere, se abstinere
    
  • (ambiguous) at the time of a most satisfactory government: optima re publica
    
  • (ambiguous) the Republic: libera res publica, liber populus
    
  • (ambiguous) to hold the first position in the state: principem in re publica locum obtinere
    
  • (ambiguous) public affairs: negotia publica (Off. 1. 20. 69)
    
  • (ambiguous) to take part in politics: in re publica or in rebus publicis versari
    
  • (ambiguous) to retire from public life: a re publica recedere
    
  • (ambiguous) to shun publicity: publico carere, forum ac lucem fugere
    
  • (ambiguous) the state is secure: res publica stat (opp. iacet)
    
  • (ambiguous) for the advantage of the state; in the interests of the state: e re publica (opp. contra rem p.)
    
  • (ambiguous) the welfare of the state: summa res publica (or summa rei publicae)
    
  • (ambiguous) the interests of the state: commoda publica or rei publicae rationes
    
  • (ambiguous) to have the good of the state at heart: bene, optime sentire de re publica
    
  • (ambiguous) to have the good of the state at heart: omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
    
  • (ambiguous) statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
    
  • (ambiguous) an experienced politician: homo in re publica exercitatus
    
  • (ambiguous) to possess great political insight: plus in re publica videre
    
  • (ambiguous) a man's policy is aiming at, directed towards..: alicuius in re publica or capessendae rei publicae consilia eo spectant, ut...
    
  • (ambiguous) to bring a law before the notice of the people: legem proponere in publicum
    
  • (ambiguous) a political ally: consiliorum in re publica socius
    
  • (ambiguous) to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
    
  • (ambiguous) to hold different views in politics: ab aliquo in re publica dissentire
    
  • (ambiguous) democracy: imperium populi or populare, civitas or res publica popularis
    
  • (ambiguous) to betray the interests of the state: a re publica deficere
    
  • (ambiguous) the public income from the mines: pecunia publica, quae ex metallis redit
    
  • (ambiguous) let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
    
  • (ambiguous) to let out public works to contract: locare opera publica
    
  • (ambiguous) the council of the nation; the senate: publicum consilium (Phil. 7.7. 19)
    
  • (ambiguous) a criminal case: causa publica (Brut. 48. 178)