polynomialとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From poly- +‎ -nomial, from νομός (nomós, “portion, part”), by analogy with binomial.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˌpɒlɪˈnəʊmɪəl/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˌpɑliˈnoʊmiəl/

名詞

polynomial (plural polynomials)

1. (algebra, strict sense) An expression consisting of a sum of a finite number of terms, each term being the product of a constant coefficient and one or more variables raised to a non-negative integer power, such as ${\displaystyle a_{n}x^{n}+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+...+a_{0}x^{0}}$.
   • 1999, William Dunham, Euler: The Master of Us All, Mathematical Association of America, published 1999, page 116:

     Unfortunately, an analogous attack on the octic polynomial becomes exceedingly complicated.

   • 2016, Grigoriy Blekherman, Daniel Plaumann, Rainer Sinn, Cynthia Vinzant, “Low-Rank Sum-of-Squares Representations on Varieties of Minimal Degree”, in arXiv‎:

     Our upper bound is the best possible, and it implies the existence of low-rank factorizations of positive semidefinite bivariate matrix polynomials and representations of biforms as sums of few squares.

2. (taxonomy) A taxonomic designation (such as of a subspecies) consisting of more than two terms.
3. (linguistics, Sinology) A type of term consisting of multiple parts. This term needs a definition. Please help out and add a definition, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
   • 2023, Martina Jemelková, “On the Nature of Zero-Meaning Sinograms: Typology and Thematic Classification”, in Studia Orientalia Slovaca‎, volume 22, number 2:

     Alternatively, there are polynomials denoting stages of the day: tónglóng 曈昽 “ light at daybreak”; or meteorological phenomena, such as wùsōng 雾凇 “(soft) rime”, àidài 叆叇 “ (of clouds) dense”.

   • 2025, Martina Jemelková, “Chinese Binomes: A Graphical or Phonological Construct?”, in Acta Linguistica Asiatica‎, volume 15, number 2, →DOI:

     The same corpus is used as in the analysis of the thematic scope of polynomials, except that in this case only 720 binomes will be considered.

下位語

• binomial
• homogeneous polynomial
• monomial
• trinomial
• quadrinomial
• quantic

Holonyms

• rational function

形容詞

polynomial (not comparable)

1. (algebra) Able to be described or limited by a polynomial.
2. (taxonomy) Of a polynomial name or entity.

派生語

参考

• Appendix:English polynomial degrees