officerとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 officer, from Anglo-Norman officer, officier, from Old French officer, Late Latin officiarius (“official”), from Latin officium (“office”) + -ārius (“-er”). By surface analysis, office +‎ -er.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɒf.ɪ.sə/
  • (weak vowel merger) IPA: /ˈɒf.ə.sə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈɔ.fɪ.sɚ/
  • (weak vowel merger) IPA: /ˈɔ.fə.sɚ/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA: /ˈɑ.fɪ.sɚ/
  • (weak vowel merger) IPA: /ˈɑ.fə.sɚ/
• (dialectal, informal) IPA: /ˈɒf.sə/
• ハイフネーション: of‧fi‧cer

名詞

officer (plural officers)

1. One who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization, especially in military, police or government organizations.

   Hypernyms: officeholder < person

   • 2025 June 9, Mónica De Anda, “SEIU President David Huerta released from custody on $50k bond following arrest during ICE raid”, in KABC-TV‎:

     Huerta was arrested while law enforcement officers were executing a federal search warrant at a Los Angeles business suspected of hiring illegal immigrants and falsifying employment papers, a special agent for Homeland Security Investigations, which is part of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, wrote in a federal court filing. […] A law enforcement officer approached Huerta and told him to leave, then put his hands on Huerta to move him out of the way of a vehicle, the agent wrote.

2. A respectful term of address for an officer, especially a police officer.
   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIX, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     Nothing was too small to receive attention, if a supervising eye could suggest improvements likely to conduce to the common welfare. Mr. Gordon Burnage, for instance, personally visited dust-bins and back premises, accompanied by a sort of village bailiff, going his round like a commanding officer doing billets.

3. One who holds a public office.

   Hypernyms: officeholder < person

4. An agent or servant imparted with the ability, to some degree, to act on initiative.
   • 1929, Abraham Zevi Idelsohn, Jewish Music: Its Historical Development, page 108:

     Early in the Talmudic period the service was divided between two officers. One was invited to recite the Shema including the benedictions connected with it... After he was through, another man was invited to stand up before the pulpit facing the direction of Jerusalem to recite the prayer proper, i.e., the Amida.

5. (colloquial, military) A commissioned officer.

派生語

関連する語

• office
• official
• officiate

派生した語

• → Central Dusun: upisor
• → Punjabi: ਅਫ਼ਸਰ (afasar)
• → Swahili: afisa

動詞

officer (third-person singular simple present officers, present participle officering, simple past and past participle officered)

1. (transitive) To supply with officers.
2. (transitive) To command as or like an officer.
   • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 31, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

     Many of our journals are officered by Irish gentlemen, and their gallant brigade does the penning among us, as their ancestors used to transact the fighting in Europe; and engage under many a flag, to be good friends when the battle is over.

   • 1929, Robert Graves, chapter 10, in Good-Bye to All That‎, London: Jonathan Cape, page 115:

     The regular battalions of the regiment, though officered mainly by Anglo-Welshmen of county families, did not normally contain more than about one Welshman in fifty in the ranks.

   • 1992, Alasdair Gray, Poor Things, Bloomsbury, published 2002, page 306:

     [A]t least a quarter of those who fought and died in the Great War were prosperous with spacious homes, and to this class belonged nearly all who had ordered and officered the carnage.

同意語

• direct
• conduct
• manage

関連する語

• CO
• NCO

語源

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman officer, officier, from Latin officiārius; equivalent to office +‎ -er.

発音

• IPA: /ɔfiˈseːr/, /ˈɔfisər/

名詞

officer (plural officers)

1. A hireling or subordinate; one employed to serve, especially at an estate.
2. An official or officeholder; the holder of a prominent office or position.
3. A municipal, local or societal official or officeholder.
4. A religious or ecclesiastical official or officeholder.
5. (religion) A deputy or subordinate of the forces of good or evil.
6. (rare) One who supervises or organises jousting.
7. (rare) A member or leader of a military force.

派生した語

• English: officer
• Scots: offisher

参照

• “offī̆cē̆r, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 March 2019.