nullusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈnuːl.lʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈnul.lus]

代名詞

nūllus (feminine nūlla, neuter nūllum); first/second-declension pronoun (pronominal)

1. no one, none, not any, nothing

   Nūllum amat.

   He loves no one.

   • 161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus 41:

     Nūllumst iam dictum quod nōn sīt dictum prius.

     Nothing is said now that has not been said before.
     (An elision of nullum est, meaning “there is nothing” or “nothing is.”)

   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.30:

     Quamquam nōn nūllī sunt in hōc ōrdine, quī aut ea, quae imminent, nōn videant aut ea, quae vident, dissimulent; […] .

     And yet, it is not that there are none in this very body (the Senate) who either do not see [the dangers] that are imminent, or who conceal [what] they do see; […] .
     (Exemplifies litotes, and conveys the opposite understanding: “there are some.”)

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal).

限定詞

nūllus (feminine nūlla, neuter nūllum); first/second-declension determiner (pronominal)

1. no, not any
   • c. 97 CE – 104 CE, Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 1.9:

     nūllā spē, nūllō timōre sollicitor, nūllīs rūmōribus inquiētor: mēcum tantum et cum libellīs loquor.

     I am not disturbed by any hope, not by any fear; I am not disquieted by any rumours: I speak only with me and with the little books.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal).

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

Romance

Some Romance descendants may be borrowings.

Other languages

参照

Further reading

• “nullus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “nullus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "nullus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “nullus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to devote every spare moment to...; to work without intermission at a thing: nullum tempus intermittere, quin (also ab opere, or ad opus)
    
  • to be of great (no) importance: magni (nullius) momenti esse
    
  • no opportunity of carrying out an object presents itself: nulla est facultas alicuius rei
    
  • to avoid no risk in order to..: nullum periculum recusare pro
    
  • I had not deserved it: nullo meo merito
    
  • not to leave off work for an instant: nullum tempus a labore intermittere
    
  • without any trouble: nullo negotio
    
  • without reflection; inconsiderately; rashly: nullo consilio, nulla ratione, temere
    
  • to make all possible haste to..: nullam moram interponere, quin (Phil. 10. 1. 1)
    
  • without delay: sine mora or nulla mora interposita
    
  • nothing will ever make me forgetful of him: memoriam eius nulla umquam delebit (obscurabit) oblivio (Fam. 2. 1)
    
  • to know nothing of logic: disserendi artem nullam habere
    
  • to arrange on strictly logical principles: ratione, eleganter (opp. nulla ratione, ineleganter, confuse) disponere aliquid
    
  • to say nothing either for or against an argument: in nullam partem disputare
    
  • no sound passed his lips: nulla vox est ab eo audita
    
  • to not say a word: nullum (omnino) verbum facere
    
  • no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
    
  • not to understand a single word: verbum prorsus nullum intellegere
    
  • to possess not the least spark of feeling: nullam partem sensus habere
    
  • to fulfil one's duty in every detail: nullam officii partem deserere
    
  • to act reasonably, judiciously: prudenter, considerate, consilio agere (opp. temere, nullo consilio, nulla ratione)
    
  • to be conscious of no ill deed: nullius culpae sibi conscium esse
    
  • with no moderation: sine modo; nullo modo adhibito
    
  • to have no principles: omnia temere agere, nullo iudicio uti
    
  • absence of scruples, unconscientiousness: nulla religio
    
  • to have no constitution, be in anarchy: nullam habere rem publicam
    
  • to be neutral: nullius or neutrius (of two) partis esse
    
  • lawlessness; anarchy: leges nullae
    
  • lawlessness; anarchy: iudicia nulla
    
  • there are whispers of the appointment of a dictator: non nullus odor est dictaturae (Att. 4. 18)
    
  • absence of justice: ius nullum
    
• nullus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016