neologismとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From French néologisme, from Ancient Greek νέος (néos, “new”) + λόγος (lógos, “word”) +‎ -ism.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /niːˈɒləd͡ʒɪzəm/
• (General American) IPA: /niˈɑləˌd͡ʒɪzəm/

名詞

neologism (countable and uncountable, plural neologisms)

1. (linguistics, lexicography, countable) A word or phrase which has recently been coined; a new word or phrase.

   Synonyms: coinage, neoterism

   • 2015 July 15, Roc Morin, “How to Say Everything in a Hundred-Word Language”, in The Atlantic‎, archived from the original on 3 February 2017:

     These neologisms demonstrate the cumulative quality of language, in which we use the known to describe the unknown.

2. (linguistics, lexicography, countable, by extension) An existing word or phrase which has gained a new meaning.
3. (linguistics, uncountable) The act or instance of coining, or uttering a new word.
   • 2002 August 25, Erin McKean, “THE WAY WE LIVE NOW: 8-25-02: ON LANGUAGE; Neologist”, in The New York Times‎, archived from the original on 23 March 2021:

     Neologizing, the practice of coining new words, may seem to be an arcane, specialized activity, but it's everywhere -- and the skillful employment of neologism is what gives English much of its verve.

4. (psychiatry) The newly coined, meaningless words or phrases of someone with a psychosis, usually schizophrenia.
5. (theology, historical) Synonym of neology.

使用する際の注意点

• There is no precise moment when a word stops being "new", but fifteen to twenty years is a common cutoff (corresponding to one generation growing up potentially familiar with the word, depending on how common it is). Acceptance of a word as valid by dictionaries or by a significant portion of the population are sometimes mentioned as additional conditions. Some neologisms become widespread and standard (such as new chemical element names), others remain rare or slangy. (Distinguish from protologisms, coinages which have not become common.)

反意語

派生語

関連する語

参考

参照

• The Oxford Dictionary of American Usage and Style. Bryan A. Garner. Oxford University Press, 2000. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 21 June 2006
• The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.

アナグラム

• mooseling