multiplierとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From multiply +‎ -er.

発音

• enPR: mŭlʹ-tĭ-plī'-ər, IPA: /ˈmʌltɪˌplaɪəɹ/
  • (英国発音) IPA: [ˈmʌɫ.tɪˌplaɪ.ə(ɹ)]
  • (米国発音) IPA: [ˈmʌɫ.tɪˌplaɪ.ɚ]
• ハイフネーション: mul‧ti‧pli‧er

名詞

multiplier (plural multipliers)

1. (arithmetic) A number by which another (the multiplicand) is to be multiplied.

   In the expression 5 × 7, the "5" is a multiplier.

   The score multiplier increases each time you complete a level of the video game.

   • 1997, Christopher Alan White, The Development of Ab Initio Methods for the Treatment of Large Molecules:

     The electron number constraint unlike the idempotency constraint can be represented by a single equation. For this reason, one can properly incorporate this constraint using a Lagrange multiplier and defining an effective chemical potential

   • 2018, Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, Recursive macroeconomic theory, 4th edition, MIT Press, page 129:

     After studying a recursive formulation and the associated Bellman equation, in section 5.5 we analyze a Lagrangian formulation that provides useful insights about how Lagrange multipliers on transition laws relate to gradients of value functions.

   • 2025 April 3, Felix Salmon, “How to read the White House's tariff formula”, in Axios‎:

     But that can be ignored, because the USTR has set ε at 4 and φ at 0.25, so when computed give an overall multiplier of 1 for the imports number. And multiplying by 1 makes no difference at all.

2. (grammar) An adjective indicating the number of times something is to be multiplied.

   English multipliers include "double" and "triple".

3. (economics) A ratio used to estimate total economic effect for a variety of economic activities.
   • 2024 November 3, Will Hutton, “Investment drives growth. That’s why gloomy forecasters are so wrong about the budget”, in The Guardian‎:

     There is a second-round effect of crowding in higher private investment as public sector contractors tool up to meet the public contracts, and then a third – as all firms adjust to the higher level of demand by raising business investment levels – of more crowding in and so-called “multiplier effects”.

4. (physics) Any of several devices used to enhance a signal
   1. (physics, obsolete) a coil; when Johann Schweigger in 1820 invented the electric coil, increasing the electro-magnetic field from a single wire, this invention was called a multiplier.
5. A multiplier onion.
   • 1995, Marian Coonse, Onions, Leeks and Garlic: A Handbook for Gardeners, page 52:

     Shallots are the most prolific of all the multipliers, and easier to grow than onions.

上位語

• (arithmetic): operand

等位語

• (grammar): cardinal number, distributive number, ordinal number

派生語

参考

Other terms used in arithmetic operations:

Advanced hyperoperations: tetration, pentation, hexation

• mechanical torque multiplier
• power multiplier (outlet)

アナグラム

• multiperil