moreとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 more, from 古期英語 māra (“more”), from Proto-West Germanic *maiʀō, from Proto-Germanic *maizô (“more”), from Proto-Indo-European *mē- (“many”).

Cognate with Scots mair (“more”), Saterland Frisian moor (“more”), West Frisian mear (“more”), Dutch meer (“more”), Low German mehr (“more”), German mehr (“more”), Danish mere (“more”), Swedish mera (“more”), Norwegian Bokmål mer (“more”), Norwegian Nynorsk meir (“more”), Icelandic meiri, meira (“more”).

別の表記

• (informal or nonstandard) mo, mo'
• (Internet slang) moar

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: mô; IPA: /mɔː(ɹ)/
• (General American) enPR: môr; IPA: /mɔɹ/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) enPR: mōr; IPA: /mo(ː)ɹ/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA: /moə/
• (non-rhotic, dough-door merger, African-American Vernacular) IPA: /moʊ/
• 異形同音異義語: moor, Moor, Moore (pour–poor merger); maw (non-rhotic, horse–hoarse merger); mow (non-rhotic, dough–door merger)
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)

限定詞

more

1. comparative degree of many: in greater number. (Used for a discrete quantity.)

   There are more ways to do this than I can count.

   • 2014 June 14, “It's a gas”, in The Economist‎, volume 411, number 8891, archived from the original on 6 August 2020:

     One of the hidden glories of Victorian engineering is proper drains. Isolating a city’s effluent and shipping it away in underground sewers has probably saved more lives than any medical procedure except vaccination.

2. comparative degree of much: in greater quantity, amount, or proportion. (Used for a continuous quantity.)

   There's more caffeine in my coffee than in the coffee you get in most places.

   • 2013 June 29, “A punch in the gut”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8842, pages 72–3:

     Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.

3. Additional; further.

   If you run out, there are more bandages in the first aid cupboard.

   More people are arriving.

   I want more soup.

   I need more time.

4. Bigger, stronger, or more valuable.

   He is more than the ten years he spent behind bars at our local prison, as he is a changed man and his past does not define him.

反意語

• fewer
• less

派生語

副詞

more

1. To a greater degree or extent. [from 10c.]

   I like cake, but I like chocolate more.

   I could no more climb that than fly!

   More advanced students.

   I have more than carried out my obligation.

   I have no complaints and no more does my mom.

   • 2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 189, number 6, archived from the original on 5 March 2016, page 34:

     Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits.  ¶ Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.

2. Used to form the comparative form of adjectives and adverbs. [from 13c.]

   You're a great deal more beautiful than I ever imagined.

   I am much more eager to help than you.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     Then we relapsed into a discomfited silence, and wished we were anywhere else. But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud, and with such a hearty enjoyment that instead of getting angry and more mortified we began to laugh ourselves, and instantly felt better.

   • 2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:

     Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist into meal.

3. (now poetic) In negative constructions: any further, any longer; any more. [from 10c.]
   • 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum ii”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book XV, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

     Than was there pees betwyxte thys erle and thys Aguaurs, and grete surete that the erle sholde never warre agaynste hym more.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. (now dialectal, humorous or proscribed) Used in addition to an inflected comparative form. [from 13c.; standard until 18c.]

   I was more better at English than you.

派生語

• more or less
• more so

代名詞

more

1. A greater number or quantity (of something).

   We’re running out of napkins. I should have bought more.

   There isn’t enough salt in this. You need to add more.

   I'd love to see more of Bob and Linda.

2. An extra or additional quantity (of something).

   There aren’t many people here yet, but more should be arriving soon.

   • 2016, Arun P. Mukherjee, “English Studies in Contemporary India”, in M. Sridhar, Sunita Mishra, editors, Language Policy and Education in India: Documents, Contexts and Debates, page 254:

     Speaking about Canada, where I teach, while the canon remains the raison d’etre of the discipline, some changes have come about and more are in the offing.

派生語

形容詞

more

1. comparative degree of many: in greater number. (Used for a discrete quantity.)

   Last year’s applications received from new and returning students were more than each of the previous four years.

2. comparative degree of much: in greater quantity, amount, or proportion. (Used for a continuous quantity.)

参考

• most

語源 2

From 中期英語 more, moore (“root”), from 古期英語 more, moru (“carrot, parsnip”) from Proto-West Germanic *morhā, from Proto-Germanic *murhǭ (“carrot”), from Proto-Indo-European *merk- (“edible herb, tuber”).

Akin to Old Saxon moraha (“carrot”), Old High German morha, moraha (“root of a plant or tree”) (German Möhre (“carrot”), Morchel (“mushroom, morel”)). More at morel.

別の表記

• moor (dialectal)

名詞

more (plural mores)

1. (obsolete) A carrot; a parsnip.
2. (dialectal) A root; stock.
3. (dialectal) A plant; flower; shrub.

語源 3

From 中期英語 moren, from the noun. See above.

動詞

more (third-person singular simple present mores, present participle moring, simple past and past participle mored)

1. (transitive) To root up.

語源 4

Back-formation from mores.

発音

• IPA: /ˈmɔː.ɹeɪ/
• 韻: -ɔːɹeɪ

名詞

more (plural mores)

1. (nonstandard) singular of mores
   • 1996, Michael J. Bugeja, “[Influence] The Impact of Social Mores”, in Living Ethics: Developing Values in Mass Communication, Boston, Mass.: Allyn and Bacon, →ISBN, part I (Building Your Ethical Base), page 15:

     In the 1990s, smoking is considered dumb and a symbol of bad health habits, replete with the Surgeon General’s warnings. But even this belief is a social more, subject to time. Maybe some future society will consider smoking brave—a symbolic affront to Big Brother government—or cowardly—a cop-out to avoid some type of community service.

   • 2004, Robert S. Pomeroy, John E. Parks, Lani M. Watson, “[The MPA management effectiveness indicators] The socio-economic indicators”, in How Is Your MPA Doing? A Guidebook of Natural and Social Indicators for Evaluating Marine Protected Area Management Effectiveness (IUCN Programme on Protected Areas), Gland; Cambridge: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, →ISBN, page 122:

     A value is a social more or norm manifested as a result of history and culture. It is a shared understanding among people of what is good, desirable or just.

   • 2008, David R. Caruso, “Emotions and the Ability Model of Emotional Intelligence”, in Robert J. Emmerling, Vinod K. Shanwal, Manas K[umar] Mandal, editors, Emotional Intelligence: Theoretical and Cultural Perspectives, New York, N.Y.: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 7:

     Given that emotions such as shame, guilt, embarrassment and others involve a violation of a social more or rule, these are often called the social emotions, self-conscious emotions or secondary emotions.

   • 2008, Barak A. Salmoni, Paula Holmes-Eber, “[Dimension Five – Belief Systems] Some Features of Belief Systems”, in Operational Culture for the Warfighter: Principles and Applications, Quantico, Va.: Marine Corps University Press, →ISBN, part II (Five Operational Culture Dimensions for Planning and Execution), page 189:

     In a seeming paradox, however, broken taboos may not always carry the heavy repercussions of violations of a social more.

アナグラム

• Mero, Omer, Orem, Orme, Rome, erom, mero, mero-, moer, omer

発音

• IPA: /ˈmo.re/

名詞

more f

1. carrot
2. parsnip

語形変化

Weak n-stem:

関連する語

• moru

派生した語

• Middle English: more, moore, morre
  • English: more (dialectal)
• → Welsh: moron

別の表記

• mare, moore

発音

• IPA: /ˈmɔ̝ːr(ə)/
• IPA: /ˈmɑːrə/ (Early Middle English)
• IPA: /maːr/ (Northern)

限定詞

more

1. more
   • 1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[The Tale of King Arthur]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 35, recto, lines 10–11:

     Now is þ[er] ony ſeyde Marlyon that ye love more than a noþ[er] ·

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

派生した語

• English: more
• Geordie: mair
• Scots: mair
• Yola: more, mo'

参照

• “mōr(e, adj. (comparative).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

Inherited from 古期英語 more and moru (“carrot, parsnip”), from Proto-West Germanic *morhā, *morhu, from Proto-Germanic *murhǭ, *murhō.

別の表記

• moore, morre

発音

• IPA: /ˈmɔ̞ːr(ə)/

名詞

more (plural mores or (early) moren)

1. root (of a plant)

   Synonym: rote

2. (rare) root, (of a hair, tooth, or tongue)
3. (figuratively, rare) source, root

派生した語

• English: more (dialectal)

参照

• “mōr(e, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

名詞

mōre m

1. ablative singular of mōs (“manner, custom”)

参照

• “more”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

接尾辞

-more

1. (archaic) Used to form a comparative of certain adjectives and adverbs, usually ending in -er.

   nethermore

使用する際の注意点

• No longer productive in contemporary English except archaically.

参考

• -most

語源 2

Identical with moor.

接尾辞

-more

1. Used for placenames; variant of moor.

派生語

関連する語

• -mere

アナグラム

• Mero, Omer, Orem, Orme, Rome, erom, mero, mero-, moer, omer

接尾辞

-more

1. Used to form a comparative of certain adjectives and adverbs, usually ending in -er.

派生語