mayorとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 maire, from Old French maire (“head of a city or town government”), a substantivation of Old French maire (“greater”), from Latin maior (“bigger, greater, superior”), comparative of magnus (“big, great”). Doublet of major. Cognate with Old High German meior (“estate manager, steward, bailiff”) (modern German Meier), Middle Dutch meier (“administrator, steward, bailiff”) (modern Dutch meier). Displaced 古期英語 burgealdor (“a ruler of a city, mayor, citizen”), burhġerēfa (“boroughreeve”), and portġerēfa (“portreeve”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈmɛə/, (increasingly common) /ˈmeɪ.ə/

• (General American) IPA: /ˈmeɪ.əɹ/, /ˈmɛɚ/ (Can we verify this pronunciation?)

• Homophone: mare (monosyllabic form)
• 韻: -ɛə(ɹ), -eɪə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: may‧or

名詞

mayor (plural mayors)

1. The chief executive of the municipal government of a city, borough, etc., formerly (historical) usually appointed as a caretaker by European royal courts but now usually appointed or elected locally.
   • 1907 Sept. 12, The Nation, page 222:

     The office of mayor has been the tomb of many political ambitions.

   • 1966 Mar. 31, Lyndon B. Johnson, Remarks before the National Legislative Conference of the National League of Cities:

     When the burdens of the Presidency seem unusually heavy, I always remind myself that it could be worse—I could be a mayor of a city instead.

   • 1988, John B. Judis, William F. Buckley Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives, page p. 291:

     While Buckley would later privately describe Chicago's Mayor Daley as a Fascist, he was not willing to let Vidal use the police to vindicate the demonstrators, who, in Buckley's mind, had provoked much of the violence.

   • 1993 Dec. 16, Bill Oakley et al., “"$pringfield"”, in The Simpsons, season 5, episode 10:

     Quimby: I propose that I use what's left of the town treasury to move to a more prosperous town and run for mayor and once selected I will send for the rest of you.
     All: Boo!

   • 2006, Ed Burns et al., “"Soft Eyes"”, in The Wire, season 4, episode 2:

     Carver: What the hell d'you say to him?
     Hauk: I said "Mr Mayor that's a good strong dick you've got there and I see you know how to use it." I didn't say shit!

2. (historical) Ellipsis of mayor of the palace, the royal stewards of the Frankish Empire.
3. (historical) Synonym of mair, various former officials in the Kingdom of Scotland.
4. (Ireland, rare, obsolete) A member of a city council.
5. (historical, obsolete) A high justice, an important judge.
6. (chiefly US) A largely ceremonial position in some municipal governments that presides over the city council while a contracted city manager holds actual executive power.
7. (figurative, humorous) A local VIP, a muckamuck or big shot reckoned to lead some local group.
   • 1902 May 22, Westminster Gazette, p. 2:

     In some parts the burlesque civic official was designated ‘Mayor of the Pig Market’.

   • 1982, Randy Shilts, The Mayor of Castro Street:

     The Mayor of Castro Street, that was Harvey's unofficial title.

同意語

• (female, when distinguished): mayoress
• (head of a town): burgomaster, boroughmaster (historical, of boroughs), boroughreeve, portreeve (historical); provost (of Scottish burghs & historical French bourgs); Lord Provost (of certain Scottish burghs); praetor (archaic)

下位語

(municipal principal leader):

• mayor, lord mayor, Lord Mayor (male mayor)
• mayoress, lady mayor, Lady Mayor (female mayor)

派生語

派生した語

• ⇒ Cebuano: mayor
• → Swahili: meya
• → Tok Pisin: meya
• → Yiddish: מייאָר (meyor)

参照

• “mayor, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.

アナグラム

• Amory, Moray, Raymo, moray