knifeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 knyf, knif, from late 古期英語 cnīf, from Old Norse knífr, from Proto-Germanic *knībaz, from *knīpaną (“to pinch”), Proto-Indo-European *gneybʰ- (compare Lithuanian gnýbti, žnýbti (“to pinch”), gnaibis (“pinching”)). Displaced native 中期英語 sax (“knife”) from 古期英語 seax; and 中期英語 coutel, qwetyll (“knife”) from Old French coutel.

The verb knife is attested since the 1860s; the variant knive is attested since 1733.

発音

• enPR: nīf, (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /naɪf/
• (General Australian) IPA: /nɑɪf/
• 韻: -aɪf

名詞

knife (plural knives)

1. A utensil or a tool designed for cutting, consisting of a flat piece of hard material, usually steel or other metal (the blade), usually sharpened on one edge, attached to a handle. The blade may be pointed for piercing.

   He was looking for a knife to chop some steak.

   • 2007, Scott Smith, The Ruins, page 273:

     Jeff was bent low over the backboard, working with the knife, a steady sawing motion, his shirt soaked through with sweat.

2. A weapon designed with the aforementioned specifications intended for slashing or stabbing but too short to be called a sword; a dagger.
3. Any blade-like part in a tool or a machine designed for cutting, such as that of a chipper.

上位語

• cold weapon, edged weapon, tool

下位語

等位語

• (tool or weapon for cutting): awl, cake slice, cake-slice, cutting tool, rapier, sword

派生語

派生した語

• Sranan Tongo: nefi
• → Japanese: ナイフ
• → Korean: 나이프 (naipeu)
• → Portuguese: naifa
• → Samoan: naifi

参考

• knife on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

動詞

knife (third-person singular simple present knifes, present participle knifing, simple past and past participle knifed)

1. (transitive) To cut with a knife.
2. (transitive) To use a knife to injure or kill by stabbing, slashing, or otherwise using the sharp edge of the knife as a weapon.

   She was repeatedly knifed in the chest.

   • 1843, The Foreign Quarterly Review, volume 31, Treuttel and Würtz, Treuttel, Jun, and Richter, page 236:

     One day his sergeant began to cane him, on which, seizing his knife, he knifed the sergeant : he knifed the privates : he knifed until he was finally overpowered, and, brought before a court-martial, was condemned to fifteen years at the galleys.

   • 2012, Robert Biswas-Diener, The Courage Quotient: How Science Can Make You Braver, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 92:

     The plane has been hijacked. They've already knifed a guy.

   • 2015, Ross H. Spencer, The Fedorovich File, Diversion Books, →ISBN, page 211:

     Naw, they found him in the pissery of some gin mill near the Mohawk West terminal—he'd been knifed.

3. (intransitive) To cut through as if with a knife.

   The boat knifed through the water.

4. (transitive) To betray, especially in the context of a political slate.

   Synonyms: burn, quisle, stab in the back; see also Thesaurus:betray

5. (transitive) To positively ignore, especially in order to denigrate; compare cut.

派生語

• knife up

参照

アナグラム

• Finke