judgmentとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• judgement (Commonwealth)
• iugement, iudgement, iudgment, iudgemente, iudgmente (all obsolete)

語源

From 中期英語 juggement, borrowed from Old French jugement, from Late Latin iūdicāmentum, from Latin iūdicō. Partially displaced doom. By surface analysis, judge +‎ -ment.

発音

• enPR: jŭj'mənt, IPA: /ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/

名詞

judgment (countable and uncountable, plural judgments)

1. The act of judging.
   • 1962 December, “Dr. Beeching previews the plan for British Railways”, in Modern Railways, page 376:

     The key to the situation was judgment of the role the railways could play in modern times.

2. The power or faculty of performing such operations; especially, when unqualified, the faculty of judging or deciding rightly, justly, or wisely.

   a man of judgment / a man of good judgment

   a politician without judgment

   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     Hermia. I would my father look'd but with my eyes. Theseus. Rather your eyes must with his judgment look.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 72:2:

     He shall judge thy people with righteousness and thy poor with judgment.

   • 1840, Lewis Rose, chapter I, in An Humble Attempt to Put an End to the Present Divisions in the Church of Scotland, and to Promote Her Usefulness. […] ‎, Glasgow: George Gallie, →OCLC, page 8:

     [T]he person presented shall be tried and examined by the judgment of learned men of the church; […]

   • 2024, National Transportation Safety Board, Intersection Crash Between Passenger Car and Combination Vehicle, Tishomingo, Oklahoma, March 22, 2022:

     We determined that the car driver’s transportation of multiple teen passengers, limited driving experience, and likely impairment from effects of cannabis at the time of the crash adversely affected her judgment of the danger of entering the intersection in front of the approaching combination vehicle.

3. The conclusion or result of judging; an opinion; a decision.

   Synonym: thinking

   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:

     She in my judgment was as fair as you.

   • 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 14”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:

     Not from the stars do I my judgment pluck;
     And yet methinks I have astronomy […]

4. (law) The act of determining, as in courts of law, what is conformable to law and justice; also, the determination, decision, or sentence of a court, or of a judge.
   • 1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Francis Ashe […], →OCLC:

     In judgments between the Rich and the Poor: it is not to be considered what the poor man needs, but what is his own

   • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:

     Most heartily I do beseech the court To give the judgment.

5. (theology) The final award; the last sentence.

使用する際の注意点

The spellings judgment and judgement are both commonly used, with the latter being most frequent in British English. British English retains the spelling judgment in legal contexts, however.

派生語

参照

• “judgment”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “judgment”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• judgment, judgement at the Google Books Ngram Viewer.