jokerとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From joke +‎ -er, but in the sense of a playing card possibly by alteration of Jucker, also the origin of the name of the card game euchre.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒəʊkə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒoʊkɚ/
• 韻: -əʊkə(ɹ)

名詞

joker (plural jokers)

1. A person who makes jokes.
2. (slang) A funny person.
3. A jester.

   Synonyms: court jester, fool, jester

4. A playing card that features a picture of a joker (that is, a jester) and that may be used as a wild card in some card games.
5. (figurative) Something kept in reserve that can be used to gain an advantage; a trump card.
   • 2008 September 18, Ian Rankin, The Hanging Garden: The #1 bestselling series that inspired BBC One’s REBUS, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

     Rebus decided to use their joker. 'Mr Lintz made a phone call to this office. He was talking for over twenty minutes.'

   • 2012 January 1, Simon Packham, Silenced, Bonnier Publishing Fiction Ltd., →ISBN:

     Tash Wilson played her 'joker' , pulling her chair so close our legs were almost touching. 'Hey, Chris, do you want to go out sometime? All you've got to do is say the word.'

   • 2016 October 17, Dipo Adesida, My French Teacher Had an Igbo Accent: An Inspiring Collection of Memories, Memoirs and Mischiefs, Partridge Africa, →ISBN:

     The director made me understand that my bubble of stardom could burst just as soon as it had been inflated if I didn't watch my attitude. Then he used his joker. I had an understudy so if I messed up or tried to create a scene, I would be summarily replaced.

6. An unspecified, vaguely disreputable person.

   Synonym: clown

   Some joker keeps throwing eggs at my windows.

   1. A loser.

      Don't waste your breath on these jokers round here.

7. (New Zealand, colloquial) A man.
8. A clause in a contract that undermines its apparent provisions.
   • 1922, Farm Machinery and Equipment, page lxxxiii:

     Discussion of contracts and the many provisions contained therein led to a vote making it the sense of the convention that manufacturers should use a simple sales contract, free from jokers.

   • 1939, Canadian Parliament, Official Report of Debates, House of Commons, volume 218, page 858:

     Then, sir, on page 12 of the agreement there is a joker clause, which provides for payments in addition to the ten per cent, […]

   • 1942, Billboard, volume 54, number 41, page 5:

     Stone claimed that there was a Joker in the contract, one clause (No. 2) calling for two weeks' notice and another (No. 8) calling for payment on a par-day basis after the first two weeks.

   • 1958, Duncan Leroy Kennedy, Bill drafting, page 12:

     The object of these provisions is to prevent insertion of "jokers" or "sleepers" in bills and securing passage under the false color of the title.

9. (military) A friendly unit that acts as a suspected hostile unit in a military excercise.
   • 1998, APP-6A: Military Symbols for Land-Based Systems, page 9:

     Joker - A friendly track or contact acting as a "suspect" track for exercise purposes only. (STANAG 1241)

10. The option, in a pub quiz, of selecting one particular round in which one's team will score double points.

    We used our joker as soon as the topic of sports was announced, since we are sport experts.

11. (chess) A fairy chess piece that moves like the last piece that was moved by the opponent.
    • 2018 October 12, aabicus, “My 7 Favorite Fairy Chess Pieces”, in The Daily SPUF‎:

      The problem is that it would be difficult to use a joker offensively since you could never know how it was going to move, meaning it’d be most useful setting it up for potential queen/rook captures to disincentivize your opponent from moving those pieces.

派生語

関連する語

• joke

参考

• 🂿, 🃏, 🃟

Further reading

• Jester on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Joker (playing card) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Joker (character) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• S. Emmerson, A Glossary of Fairy Chess Definitions

アナグラム

• Rojek, jerko