iuniperusとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/01/06 00:18 UTC 版)

別の表記

iūnipirus
ziniperus (late, proscribed)
giniperus, geniperus (9th century)

語源

Often connected to iūncus (“reed”). According to Brüch, after the form combrētum, the Latin expected form would be *iūniber, *iūnibrī. The form iūniperus, following him, is a pseudo-Latinism by Sabine speakers, who, themselves in the land of junipers as ancient relations and the terms for particular species catanum and herba Sabīna witness, have borrowed the original form from Umbrian, and knowing the Umbrian correspondence of br to pr and elision of vowels loaned the plant name in the shape iūniperus, iūniperī, in spite of the language of the Latium regularly exposing the nominative singular ending -erus only from old -esos while -er for old -ros. Often connected to Old Norse einir (“juniper”), supposedly from a Proto-Germanic *(j)ainijaz of the same meaning, through a common Indo-European origin or wanderwort.

Per Trubachyov, also related to iūnīx, typologically the same as *jalovьcь (whence Czech jalovec, Russian я́ловец (jálovec)) related to *jalovica (whence Czech jalovice, Russian я́ловица (jálovica)) (both from Proto-Slavic *jalovъ (whence Czech jalový, Russian я́ловый (jálovyj))).

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [juːˈnɪ.pɛ.rʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [juˈniː.pe.rus]

名詞

iūniperus f (genitive iūniperī); second declension

juniper-tree

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	iūniperus	iūniperī
genitive	iūniperī	iūniperōrum
dative	iūniperō	iūniperīs
accusative	iūniperum	iūniperōs
ablative	iūniperō	iūniperīs
vocative	iūnipere	iūniperī

同意語

(juniper-tree): cedrus

派生語

iūnipereus

派生した語

Inherited:
- Balkano-Romance:
  - Aromanian: giuneapini, giuneapine
  - Romanian: jneapăn, jnepen, jneapăr
Borrowed:
- → Portuguese: junípero
- →? Romanian: ienupăr
- → Spanish: junípero
- → Translingual: Juniperus, Juniperites

Reflexes of the Late variant ziniperus:

Insular Romance:
- Old Sardinian:
  - Gallurese: niparu
  - Logudorese: nibaru
  - Sassarese: zinibbari
Italo-Dalmatian:
- Corsican: ginepro
- Italian: ginepro
- Neapolitan: iunépero, >? ginepro
- Sicilian: jinìparu
- Venetan: xenevro
- → Maltese: ġnibru
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: zenevre
- Ladin: jeneivar
- Romansch: ganaivar, jünaivar, geneivar
Gallo-Italic:
- Emilian: zenvar, znever
- Ligurian: zeneivro (medieval), zenêvu
- Lombard: zenivru, zanibru, zenever
- Piedmontese: zenèiver, geneiver, znèivr, znèj, genéj, znavr, zneivar
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: ginebre
- Occitan: genibre, genèbre, genebre
  
  Gascon: genèbre, ginèbre
- Old Franco-Provençal: genevro
  - Franco-Provençal: genêvro
- Old French: genevre (see there for further descendants)
- → Middle Breton: genevreg
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: chinepro, chinipro, chinebro, chinabro, chinarro
- Old Galician-Portuguese: *jĩebro, *jĩbro
  - Galician: cimbro
  - Portuguese: zimbro
- Spanish: enebro
Borrowings:
- → Basque: ipuru
- →? Old Norse: einir (see there for further descendants)

参照

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “iuncus (> Derivatives > iūnipe/irus)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 313
^ Brüch, Josef (1922), “Lateinische Etymologien”, in Indogermanische Forschungen. Zeitschrift für Indogermanistik und allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), volume 40, Berlin und Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter & Co., pages 224–232
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*alovьcь/*jalovьcь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 69

iuniperusとは意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「iuniperus」の意味

iuniperus

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語源

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名詞

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同意語

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派生した語

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「iuniperus」のお隣キーワード

iuniperusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「iuniperus」の意味

iuniperus

別の表記

語源

発音

名詞

語形変化

同意語

派生語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

「iuniperus」のお隣キーワード

iuniperusとは意味・読み方・使い方