incidentとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Recorded since 1412, from Middle French incident, from Latin incidens, the present active participle of incidō (“to happen, befall”), itself from in- (“on”) + -cidō, the combining form of cadō (“to fall”).

発音

• IPA: /ˈɪn.sɪ.dənt/

名詞

incident (plural incidents)

1. (countable, uncountable) An event or occurrence.

   Synonyms: proceeding; see also Thesaurus:occurrence

   She could not recall the time of the incident.

   It was an incident that he hoped to forget.

   The suspect was released without further incident.

2. A (relatively minor) event that is incidental to, or related to others.
3. An event that causes or may cause an interruption or a crisis, such as a workplace illness or a software error.
4. (often used in apposition) An aircraft incident, usually a plane crash.

派生語

関連する語

形容詞

incident (not comparable)

1. Arising as the result of an event, inherent.

   No major hazards incident to this job.

   • 1980 December 6, Cindy Rizzo, “Jewish, Lesbian, Feminist, Psychologist, Author—All of the above and more”, in Gay Community News, volume 8, number 20, page 9:

     It is at this juncture that Toder launches into the familiar and troubling topic of monogamy versus non-monogamy. She outwardly expresses no preference for either option, considering each to hold certain consequences incident to it.

2. (physics, of a stream of particles or radiation) Falling on or striking a surface.

   The incident light illuminated the surface.

3. Coming or happening accidentally; not in the usual course of things; not in connection with the main design; not according to expectation; casual; fortuitous.
   • 1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

     As the ordinary course of common affairs is disposed of by general laws, so likewise men's rarer incident necessities and utilities should be with special equity considered.

4. Liable to happen; apt to occur; befalling; hence, naturally happening or appertaining.
   • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […].”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 43:

     All chances incident to mans frail life.

   • 17th century, Richard Milward, "Preface" to Seldeniana

     the studies incident to his profession

   • 1816, Richard Lawrence, The complete farrier, and British sportsman, page 245:

     The Vives, like the strangles, is most incident to young horses, and usually proceeds from the same causes, such as catching cold, being over-heated, or over-worked, about the time of shedding their teeth.

5. (law) Dependent upon, or appertaining to, another thing, called the principal.
6. (mathematics) In a relation of incidence
   • 2005, Reinhard Diestel, Graph Theory - Electronic Edition, 3rd edition, page 12:

     The second inequality follows from the fact that all the edges incident with a fixed vertex separate [an arbitrary graph] G.

   • 1968, Peter Dembowski, Finite Geometries, page 315:

     If there is only one ideal point U and only one ideal line u, then either (i) every point in u is incident with a line in U, or else (ii) no point in u is incident with any line of U.

動詞

incident

1. third-person plural future active indicative of incidō

語源 2

Form of the verb incīdō (“I cut or hew open”).

動詞

incīdent

1. third-person plural future active indicative of incīdō