idemとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 idem, borrowed from Latin idem (“the same”).

発音

• IPA: /ˈɪ.dɛm/, /ˈaɪ.dɛm/

代名詞

idem

1. The same.

使用する際の注意点

• Used almost exclusively in footnotes of academic or scholarly papers, especially those of the legal profession, to indicate that the source or author referred to in a footnote is the same as in the preceding footnote; usually abbreviated when so used.

関連する語

参考

• ditto
• ibidem, ibid.

Further reading

• idem on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• Demi, Diem, Dime, IMed, demi, demi-, dime, meid

語源

From Proto-Italic *izdim; equivalent to is (“he”) + Proto-Italic *-im (emphatic marker) (whence Sabellic *-om, Oscan 𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (ísídum), 𐌄𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (esídum)), from Proto-Indo-European *im (whence also Old Latin im, em), accusative singular of *éy (so both parts are from the same source). The s was lost and the i lengthened by compensatory lengthening.

When is' ablative cases eōd, eād became eō, eā, idem's ablative true forms eōd-em, eād-em were interpreted as eō-dem, eā-dem. The neuter nominative singular id-em is natural. De verborum significatione gives emem as a form of the later eundem.[1] The new marker -dem then served to create totidem, tantundem, ibīdem, etc. Compare tam-en with its later doublet: tan-dem (← *tam-dem).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈiː.dẽː], [ˈɪ.dẽː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈiː.dem]

代名詞

īdem (feminine eadem, neuter idem); demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

1. the same
   • 29 bc. Virgil. Georgics, III

     amor omnibus īdem

     Love is the same for all

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.678-679:

     “[...] Eadem mē ad fāta vocāssēs:
     īdem ambās ferrō dolor, atque eadem hōra tulisset.”

     “You should have called me to the same fate: Both of us could have been taken by the sword – the same pain, and at the same hour.”
     (Anna speaks to her dying sister, Dido.)

語形変化

Irregular declension. Similar to the declension of is, ea, id. Demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.

The nom./dat./abl. plural forms regularly developed into a monosyllable /iː(s)/, with later remodelling - compare the etymology of deus. This /iː/ was normally spelled as EI during and as II after the Republic; a disyllabic iī, spelled II, Iꟾ, appears in Silver Age poetry, while disyllabic eīs is only post-Classical. Other spellings include EEI(S), EIEI(S), IEI(S).
The dat. singular is found spelled EIEI (here represented as ēī) and scanned as two longs in Plautus, but also as a monosyllable. The latter is its normal scansion in Classical. Other spellings include EEI, IEI.

派生語

• identidem
• identitās (see there for further derivatives)

関連する語

参照

Further reading

• “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “idem”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)
    
  • to agree with a person: consentire, idem sentire cum aliquo
    
  • to have the same meaning: idem valere, significare, declarare
    
  • synonyms: vocabula idem fere declarantia
    
  • to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN