houndとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 hound, from 古期英語 hund, from Proto-West Germanic *hund, from Proto-Germanic *hundaz, from pre-Germanic *ḱuntós (compare Latvian sùnt-ene (“big dog”), enlargement of Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Doublet of canine.

In 14th-century England, hound was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype resembling the modern mastiff and bulldog. By the 16th century, dog had become the general word, and hound had begun to refer only to breeds used for hunting.

名詞

hound (plural hounds)

1. A dog, particularly a breed with a good sense of smell developed for hunting other animals.
2. Any canine animal.
3. (by extension) Someone who seeks something.
   • 1996, Marc Parent, Turning Stones, Harcourt Brace & Company, →ISBN, page 93:

     On the way out of the building I was asked for my autograph. If I'd known who the signature hound thought I was, I would've signed appropriately.

   • 2004, Jodi Picoult, My Sister's Keeper, Simon & Schuster,, →ISBN, page 483:

     I still do not know if he's taken on this case because he's a glory hound, because he wants the PR, or if he simply wanted to help Anna.

4. (by extension) A male who constantly seeks the company of desirable women.
   • 1915, Norman Duncan, "A Certain Recipient", in Harper's, volume 122, number 787, December 1915, republished in Harper's Monthly Magazine, volume 122, December 1915 to May 1916, page 108,

     "Are you alone, Goodson? […] I thought, perhaps, that the […] young woman, Goodson, who supplanted Mary?" […]

     "She had a good many successors, John."

     "You are such a hound, in that respect, Goodson," said Claywell, "and you have always been such a hound, that it astounds me to find you—unaccompanied."

5. A despicable person.

   Synonym: cur

   • c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene vi]:

     Boy! false hound!

   • 1888, Rudyard Kipling, “The Phantom Rickshaw”, in The Phantom 'Rickshaw and Other Tales, Allahabad: A.H. Wheeler and Co., page 12:

     I turned away and left her to finish her journey in peace, feeling, but only for a moment or two, that I had been an unutterably mean hound.

   • 1973, Elizabeth Walter, Come and Get Me and Other Uncanny Invitations:

     'You blackmailing hound,' the parrot said distinctly, in what Hodges recognized as General Derby's voice. Anstruther turned pale.

6. A houndfish.

使用する際の注意点

• In more recent times, hound has been replaced by Modern English dog but the sense remains the same.

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 hounden, from the noun (see above).

動詞

hound (third-person singular simple present hounds, present participle hounding, simple past and past participle hounded)

1. (transitive) To persistently harass doggedly.

   Synonyms: badger, bait; see also Thesaurus:pester

   He hounded me for weeks, but I was simply unable to pay back his loan.

   • 2019 April 11, Marcel Theroux, “Machines Like Me by Ian McEwan review – intelligent mischief”, in The Guardian‎:

     More pertinently for the plot, another marked difference from history is that the United Kingdom of this 1982 is precociously computerised. Instead of having been hounded to death for his homosexuality, the scientist Alan Turing is thriving and lauded.

2. (transitive, archaic) To urge on against; to set (dogs) upon in hunting.
   • 1897, Andrew Lang, The Book of Dreams and Ghosts, page 162:

     We both thought we saw what had the appearance to be a fox, and hounded the dogs at it, but they would not pursue it.

派生語

• hound down
• unhounded

語源 3

From 中期英語 hownde, hount, houn, probably from Old Norse húnn, from Proto-Germanic *hūnaz.

別の表記

• hune

名詞

hound (plural hounds)

1. (nautical, in the plural) Projections located at the masthead or foremast, serving as a support for the trestletrees and top on which to rest; a foretop.
2. A side bar used to strengthen portions of the running gear of a vehicle.

参照

アナグラム

• Duhon, Hudon, hundo, no duh

語源

From 古期英語 hund.

発音

• IPA: /huːnd/, /hund/

名詞

hound (plural houndes or (rare) hounden, dative singular hounde)

1. dog, hound (The canid Canis lupus familiaris)
   1. A pet dog; a dog kept for companionship.
   2. A hunting or sporting dog; a hound.
   3. (specifically) A male or fully-grown dog.
2. A strong term of abuse, especially used against enemies of one's religion
3. (rare) A heraldic portrayal of a dog.
4. (rare) The forces of evil; the infernal army.
5. (rare) Sirius (star)

使用する際の注意点

The general word for "dog" is hound; dogge is vaguely derogatory and has a sense of "mongrel" or "cur".

派生語

• hound fysch
• hounden
• houndesberye
• houndestonge

派生した語

• English: hound
  • Northumbrian: hoond, hund
• Scots: hoond, hund

参照

• “hǒund, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 11 June 2018.