healthとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Inherited from 中期英語 helthe, from 古期英語 hǣlþ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailiþu, from Proto-Germanic *hailiþō, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, hale”). Cognate with Old High German heilida. Analyzable as whole, hale, or heal +‎ -th (abstract nominal suffix). More at heal. Doublet of wholth.

別の表記

• helth, helthe, healthe (obsolete)

発音

• enPR: hĕlth, IPA: /hɛlθ/, [hɛl̪θ]
• 韻: -ɛlθ

名詞

health (usually uncountable, plural healths)

1. The state of being free from physical or psychological disease, illness, or malfunction; wellness. [from 11th c.]

   Her mental health is really affected by stressful environments.

   My granpa still enjoys very good health.

   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter IV, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     Then he commenced to talk, really talk. and inside of two flaps of a herring's fin he had me mesmerized, like Eben Holt's boy at the town hall show. He talked about the ills of humanity, and the glories of health and Nature and service and land knows what all.

2. A state of well-being or balance, often physical but sometimes also mental and social; the overall level of function of an organism from the cellular (micro) level to the social (macro) level.

   The directors are concerned about the financial health of the project.

3. Physical condition.
4. (obsolete) Cure, remedy. [16th c. (Middle English: 11th–15th c.)]
5. (countable) A toast to prosperity. [from 17th c.]
   • 2002, Joshua Scodel, Excess and the Mean in Early Modern English Literature, page 213:

     Strikingly, however, Waller does not deny but rather revels in the claim that healths lead to excessive drinking

6. (video games) The amount of damage an in-game object can withstand before it is destroyed.

   The enemies on this level have a lot of health.

   • 2018 March 6, Martin Robinson, “Dispelling the myths of Bloodborne”, in Eurogamer‎:

     Lose a little health and there's a few seconds in which you'll be able to win it back by ragging on an enemy.

派生語

関連する語

• heal

派生した語

• → Japanese: ヘルス (“prostitution without coitus”)
• → Korean: 헬스 (helseu, “working out in a gym”)

語源 2

From 中期英語 heleð (“man, hero, fighter”), from 古期英語 hæleþ (“man, hero, fighter”), from Proto-West Germanic *haliþ, from Proto-Germanic *haliþaz (“man, hero”). Cognate with West Frisian held (“hero”), Dutch held (“hero”), German Held (“hero”), Norwegian Nynorsk hauld (“freeman”).

名詞

health (plural healths)

1. (obsolete) A warrior; hero; man.
   • 1612, Michael Drayton, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [John Selden], editor, Poly-Olbion. Or A Chorographicall Description of Tracts, Riuers, Mountaines, Forests, and Other Parts of this Renowned Isle of Great Britaine, […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes] for M[athew] Lownes; I[ohn] Browne; I[ohn] Helme; I[ohn] Busbie, →OCLC:

     They, under false pretence of amity and cheer, the British peers invite, the German healths to view.

参照

• “health”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “health”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.