hapとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 hap, happe (“chance, hap, luck, fortune”), potentially cognate with or from 古期英語 ġehæp (“fit, convenient”) and/or Old Norse happ (“hap, chance, good luck”), from Proto-Germanic *hampą (“convenience, happiness”), from Proto-Indo-European *kob- (“good fortune, prophecy; to bend, bow, fit in, work, succeed”).

Cognate with Icelandic happ (“hap, chance, good luck”). Related also to Icelandic heppinn (“lucky, fortunate, happy”), Old Danish hap (“fortunate”), Swedish hampa (“to turn out”), Old Church Slavonic кобь (kobĭ, “fate”), Old Irish cob (“victory”).

The verb is from 中期英語 happen, perhaps from 古期英語 hæppan (“to move accidentally, slip”) and/or from Old Norse *happa, *heppa, from Proto-Germanic *hampijaną (“to fit in, be fitting”), from the noun. Cognate with Old Danish happe (“to chance, happen”), Norwegian heppa (“to occur, happen”).

名詞

hap (countable and uncountable, plural haps) (archaic)

1. (uncountable) A person's lot (good or bad), luck, fortune, fate.
2. (countable) A stroke of good or bad luck, an occurrence or happening, especially an unexpected, random, chance, or fortuitous event.
   • c. 1580s, Sir Philip Sidney, The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia, book 2:

     Cursed be good haps, and cursed be they that build / Their hopes on haps, and do not make despair / For all these certain blows the surest shield.

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, book 2, canto 3, verse 30:

     And whether art it were, or heedless hap, / As through the flowring forest rash she fled, / In her rude hairs sweet flowres themselves did lap / And flourishing fresh leaves and blossoms did enwrap.

   • 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 23, column 1:

     Each day ſtill better others happineſſe,
     Vntill the heauens enuying earths good hap,
     Adde an immortall title to your Crowne.

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 3 Scene 1:

     URSULA. She's lim'd, I warrant you: we have caught her, madam.
     HERO. If it prove so, then loving goes by haps
     Some Cupid kills with arrows, some with traps.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:

     [I]t hath been many an honest man's hap to pass for the father of children he never begot […]

   • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:

     He at once resolved to accompany me to that island, ship aboard the same vessel, get into the same watch, the same boat, the same mess with me, in short to share my every hap; with both my hands in his, boldly dip into the Potluck of both worlds.

同意語

• (an unexpected, random, chance, or fortuitous event): hazard, serendipity; see also Thesaurus:luck

派生語

動詞

hap (third-person singular simple present haps, present participle happing, simple past and past participle happed)

1. (intransitive, literary) To happen; to befall; to chance.

   Synonyms: come to pass, occur, transpire; see also Thesaurus:happen

   • 1868-9, Robert Browning, “The Ring and the Book”, in Edward Berdoe, editor, The poetical works of Robert Browning, published 1889, page 17:

     "But laudably, since thus it happed!" quoth one: Whereat, more witness and the case postponed. "Thus it happed not, since thus he did the deed,....

   • 1982, Douglas Adams, Life, the Universe and Everything, page 81:

     "We must go there to retrieve it before the Krikkit robots find it, or who knows what may hap."

2. (transitive, literary) To happen to.
   • 1891, Elizabeth Stoddard, “No Answer”, in Harper's magazine, page 55:

     What meaneth June, to hap us every year.

派生語

語源 2

Clipping of happening.

名詞

hap (plural haps)

1. (slang, in the plural) Happenings; events; goings-on. [from 20th c.]
   • 2018, Something Fishy (Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs: The Series):

     Katie Griffin as Samantha Sparks: "Hey, Flint. I heard your extended (gasp) earlier. What's the haps?"
     Mark Edwards as Flint Lockwood: "The haps is -- you're not going to believe this, but dad asked me to make him an invention!"

同意語

• (happenings): affairs; see also Thesaurus:occurrence

派生語

• afterhaps
• what's the haps

参照

語源 3

From 古期英語 hap.

名詞

hap (plural haps)

1. (UK, Scotland, Western Pennsylvania) A wrap, such as a quilt or a comforter. Also, a small or folded blanket placed on the end of a bed to keep feet warm.

派生語

• hap-harlot

動詞

hap (third-person singular simple present haps, present participle happing, simple past and past participle happed)

1. (dialect) To wrap, clothe.
   • 1863, Charles Kingsley, The Water Babies: A Fairy Tale for a Land Baby:

     Bless thy pretty heart! The bairn’s sick. Come wi’ me, and I’ll hap thee up somewhere. If thou wert a bit cleaner I’d put thee in my own bed, for the Lord’s sake.

   • 1859, John Brown, Rab and his Friends:

     The surgeon happed her up carefully.

   • 1899, “Bartonshill Coal Co. v. Beid, 1 Pat. Sc. App. 792, 793.”, in Robert Campbell, editor, Ruling cases, volume 19:

     The practice was, before firing a shot for the purpose of blasting, to give an order to hap the crane, that is, to cover it, in order to protect it from the effect of the shot.

語源 4

Shortening of New Latin Haplochromis

名詞

hap (plural haps)

1. Any of the cichlid fishes of the tribe Haplochromini.

アナグラム

• AHP, PAH, PHA, Pha, pah

語源

Borrowed from Old Norse happ.

名詞

hap (plural happes)

1. luck (whether good or bad)

派生した語

• English: hap
• Yola: hap

参照

• “hap, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.