footとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• foote (obsolete)
• (plural): feets (dialectal); foots (nonstandard)

語源

From 中期英語 fot, fote, foot, from 古期英語 fōt, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Doublet of pes, pie (“Spanish unit of length”), and pous.

発音

• enPR: fo͝ot, IPA: /fʊt/, [fʊt]
  • (General American) IPA: [fʊt̚]
  • (England, Wales) IPA: [fʊt̚], [fʊtʰ], [fɵʔt]
  • (Scotland, Northern Ireland) IPA: [fʉt]
  • (Canada) IPA: [fʊt̚], [fɤ̈t̚], [fʷʊt̚], [fɯ̽t̚]
  • (Cape Flats, Indian South African) IPA: [fɤt]
• 韻: -ʊt
• ハイフネーション: foot

名詞

foot (plural feet or (unit of measure, UK colloquial) foot)

1. A biological structure found in many animals that is used for locomotion and that is frequently a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg.

   A spider has eight feet.

2. (anatomy) Specifically, a human foot, which is found below the ankle and is used for standing and walking.

   Southern Italy is shaped like a foot.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 1:17:

     And when I ſawe him, I fell at his feete as dead : and hee laid his right hand vpon me, ſaying vnto mee, Feare not, *I am the firſt,and the laſt.

3. (often used attributively) Travel by walking.

   We went there by foot because we could not afford a taxi.

   There is a lot of foot traffic on this street.

4. The base or bottom of anything.

   I'll meet you at the foot of the stairs.

5. The part of a flat surface on which the feet customarily rest.

   We came and stood at the foot of the bed.

6. The end of a rectangular table opposite the head.

   The host should sit at the foot of the table.

7. A short foot-like projection on the bottom of an object to support it.

   The feet of the stove hold it a safe distance above the floor.

8. A unit of measure equal to twelve inches or one third of a yard, equal to exactly 30.48 centimetres.

   The flag pole, which is 20 feet high, was hoisted by a six-foot tall man.

   My sis's just over six foot two.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter XX, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     No. I only opened the door a foot and put my head in. The street lamps shine into that room. I could see him. He was all right. Sleeping like a great grampus. Poor, poor chap.

   • 2024 September 27, Katie Hunt, “Scientists discover hidden ancient forest on treeless island”, in CNN‎:

     No trees have grown on the windswept Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean for tens of thousands of years — just shrubs and other low-lying vegetation. That’s why a recent arboreal discovery nearly 20 feet (6 meters) beneath the ground caught researchers’ attention.

   1. (informal) Ellipsis of square foot, a unit of area.
   2. (informal) Ellipsis of cubic foot, a unit of volume.
9. (music) A unit of measure for organ pipes equal to the wavelength of two octaves above middle C, approximately 328 mm.
10. (collective, military) Foot soldiers; infantry.

    King John went to battle with ten thousand foot and one thousand horse.

    • 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, (please specify |book=I to XVI), in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater:

      His forces, after all the high discourses, amounted really but to eighteen hundred foot.

11. (cigars) The end of a cigar which is lit, and usually cut before lighting.
    • 2022, Jonathan Escoffery, If I Survive You, 4th Estate (2023), page 128:

      He removes a gold lighter from his pocket, flips it open, and waves the flame over the foot, taking short, sucking pulls off the head till it’s lit.

12. (sewing) The part of a sewing machine which presses downward on the fabric, and may also serve to move it forward.
13. (printing) The bottommost part of a typed or printed page.
14. (printing) The base of a piece of type, forming the sides of the groove.
15. (prosody) The basic measure of rhythm in a poem.
16. (phonology) The parsing of syllables into prosodic constituents, which are used to determine the placement of stress in languages along with the notions of constituent heads.
17. (nautical) The bottom edge of a sail.

    To make the mainsail fuller in shape, the outhaul is eased to reduce the tension on the foot of the sail.

18. (billiards) The end of a billiard or pool table behind the foot point where the balls are racked.
19. (botany) In a bryophyte, that portion of a sporophyte which remains embedded within and attached to the parent gametophyte plant.
    • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 4:

      (b) sporophyte with foot reduced, the entire sporophyte enveloped by the calyptra, which is ± stipitate at the base.

20. (malacology) The muscular part of a bivalve mollusc or a gastropod by which it moves or holds its position on a surface.
21. (molecular biology) The globular lower domain of a protein.
22. (geometry) The point of intersection of one line with another that is perpendicular to it.
23. Fundamental principle; basis; plan.
    • 1732, George Berkeley, “The Sixth Dialogue”, in Alciphron: Or, The Minute Philosopher. […], volume II, London: […] J[acob] Tonson […], →OCLC, section XXXI, page 121:

      To conſider the vvhole of the Subject, to read and think on all ſides, to object plainly, and anſvver directly, upon the foot of dry Reaſon and Argument, vvou'd be a very tedious and troubleſome Affair.

24. Recognized condition; rank; footing.
    • May 20, 1742, Horace Walpole, letter to Horace Mann

      As to his being on the foot of a servant.

使用する際の注意点

• (unit of length):
  • The ordinary plural of the unit of measurement is feet, but in some contexts, foot itself may be used ("he is six foot two"). This is a reflex of the Anglo-Saxon (Old English) genitive plural. In the UK, however, foot is colloquially used as a plural in all contexts for the unit of measure, even where such usage would not be natural in other varieties of English.
  • It is sometimes abbreviated ', such as in tables, lists or drawings.

同意語

• pes

等位語

• (unit of length): inch, yard, mile
• (end of a table): head, sides
• (bottom of a page): head, body
• (bottom edge of a sail): head, leech, luff
• (molecular domain): head, cleft, neck
• (infantry): horse

派生語

派生した語

参考

• pedal, relating to the foot

動詞

foot (third-person singular simple present foots, present participle footing, simple past and past participle footed)

1. (transitive) To use the foot to kick (usually a ball).
2. (transitive) To pay (a bill).
3. To tread to measure of music; to dance; to trip; to skip.
   • 1836, Joanna Baillie, The Phantom, Act 1 (Dramas 2, p.217)

     There's time enough, I hope, To foot a measure with the bonnie bride,

   • 1700, [John] Dryden, Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, book The Wife of Bath's Tale:

     He saw a Quire of Ladies in a round,
     That featly footing seem'd to skim the Ground

4. To walk.
   • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     thieves do foot by night

5. (now rare) To set foot on; to walk on.
   • 1722, Thomas Tickell, Kensington Gardens:

     […] Or shepherd-boy, they featly foot the green

   • 1937, Zora Neale Hurston, Their Eyes Were Watching God, Amistad, published 2013, page 84:

     People who would not have dared to foot the place before crept in and did not come to the house.

6. (obsolete) To set on foot; to establish; to land.
   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii]:

     What confederacy have you with the traitors / Late footed in the kingdom?

7. To renew the foot of (a stocking, etc.).
   • 19th century, William Shakespeare, Henry the Fourth Part 1 (modern edited version)

     I'll sew nether stocks and mend them and foot them too

8. To sum up, as the numbers in a column; sometimes with up.

   to foot (or foot up) an account

9. (Ireland, transitive) To spread out and stack up (turf sods) to allow them to dry.

派生語

• foot the bill

参照

アナグラム

• foto, ooft, toof

名詞

foot

1. alternative form of fot

語源 2

動詞

foot

1. alternative form of foten