entrenchとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• intrench (archaic)

語源

From en- +‎ trench. First attested in the 1550s.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ɪnˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/, /ɛnˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ɛnˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/
• 韻: -ɛntʃ
• ハイフネーション: en‧trench

動詞

entrench (third-person singular simple present entrenches, present participle entrenching, simple past and past participle entrenched) (ambitransitive)

1. (literally) To cut in; to furrow; to make trenches in or upon.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     It was this very sword entrenched it.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     His face
     Deep scars of thunder had entrenched.

   1. (construction, archaeology) To dig or excavate a trench; to trench.
   2. (military) To surround or provide with a trench, especially for defense; to dig in.

      The army entrenched its camp, or entrenched itself.

      • 2005, Christopher Paolini, “The Burning Plains”, in Eldest, page 581:

        To the south were the Varden and the men of Surda, entrenched behind multiple layers of defense, where they displayed a fine panoply of woven standards, ranks of proud tents, and the picketed horses of King Orrin's cavalry.

2. (figuratively) [from 1590s]
   1. To become completely absorbed in and fully accept one's beliefs, even in the face of evidence against it and refusing to be reasoned with.
   2. To establish a substantial position in business, politics, etc.

      Senator Cornpone was able to entrench by spending millions on each campaign.

      • 2009, Andrew B. Fisher, Matthew O'Hara, “Forward”, in Andrew B. Fisher, Matthew O'Hara, editors, Imperial Subjects: Race and Identity in Colonial Latin America, page 4:

        Given these entrenched ideological assumptions about the colonial order, it is no wonder that the state and those groups with an interest in the status quo viewed with suspicion and hostility any challenges to the fixed and "natural" boundaries between different sorts of people.

      • 2013 September 28, Kenan Malik, “London Is Special, but Not That Special”, in New York Times, retrieved 28 September 2013:

        For London to have its own exclusive immigration policy would exacerbate the sense that immigration benefits only certain groups and disadvantages the rest. It would entrench the gap between London and the rest of the nation. And it would widen the breach between the public and the elite that has helped fuel anti-immigrant hostility.

   3. To invade; to encroach; to infringe or trespass; to enter on, and take possession of, that which belongs to another; usually followed by on or upon.

同意語

• (dig): trench
• (surround with a trench): dig in
• (establish a solid, firm financial position): consolidate

派生語