disarmとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /dɪsˈɑː(ɹ)m/
• (米国発音) IPA: /dɪsˈɑɹm/
• 韻: -ɑː(ɹ)m

動詞

disarm (third-person singular simple present disarms, present participle disarming, simple past and past participle disarmed)

1. (transitive) To deprive of weapons; to deprive of the means of attack or defense; to render defenseless.
   • 1817, William Wirt, Sketches of the Life and Character of Patrick Henry:

     [recreation of speech given in 1775] They tell us, sir, […] that we are weak―unable to cope with so formidable an adversary. But when shall we be stronger? […] Will it be when we are totally disarmed, and a British guard shall be stationed in every house?

   • 2019 September 18, Drachinifel, 26:33 from the start, in Battle of Tsushima - When the 2nd Pacific Squadron thought it couldn't get any worse...‎, archived from the original on 4 December 2022:

     The Japanese armored cruiser Nisshin has been hit badly. Shells have sheared off several main guns and virtually disarmed the vessel. In the middle of all this, one Ensign Isoroku Yamamoto loses two fingers to the remains of an explosion.

2. (transitive) To deprive of the means or the disposition to harm; to render harmless or innocuous.

   to disarm a man's wrath

   • 1964 July, “New Books”, in Modern Railways, page 74:

     ON THE NARROW GAUGE. By P. B. Whitehouse. Nelson 30s. [...] In an introductory note Mr. Whitehouse disarms any criticism from narrow-gauge aficionados as immersed in the subject as himself by pointing out that his book has no pretensions to the status of a new narrow-gauge textbook; [...].

   • 1978 December 16, Cnidy Stein, “The Lavender Menace Lives”, in Gay Community News, volume 6, number 21, page 13:

     In some towns and cities, NOW members are still seen as "a bunch of lesbians" and the issue is continually used against them. Only by realizing that the name calling will stop once feminists work to disarm the word "lesbian" of its negative connotations, will non-lesbian members cease their fears of lesbian presence in the chapter.

   • 2014 January 21, Hermione Hoby, “Julia Roberts interview for August: Osage County – 'I might actually go to hell for this ...': Julia Roberts reveals why her violent, Oscar-nominated performance in August: Osage County made her feel 'like a terrible person' [print version: 'I might actually go to hell for this ...' (18 January 2014, p. R4)]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review)‎:

     Foremost in her arsenal is that smile – so enormous and so absurdly disarming that someone should have worked out a way to harness its power into international conflict resolution.

3. (intransitive) To lay down arms; to stand down.
4. (intransitive) To reduce one's own military forces.
5. (transitive) To render into a state in which something is no longer armed, or prepared for use (such as to disable the security systems on).
   • 2012, Todd Julian, Deter & Minimize: The Facts You Need to Know About Home Security, →ISBN:

     You can open and close all the doors you want during this delay. Just keep in mind that if you have to re-enter, and it has been close to a minute, you may want to disarm and then re-arm just to be on the safe side.

派生語

名詞

disarm (plural disarms)

1. The act of depriving a person of a weapon they carry.
   • 2010, Steven Kaplan, Taiho-Jutsu: The Art of Arrests, page 194:

     As a brief background, the gun disarms originally taught to S.A.C. Airmen as part of the Combative Measures program were taken from Kodokan Goshin-Jutsu.

参照

• “disarm”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “disarm”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

アナグラム

• dirams