depen dentとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /dɪˈpɛndənt/
• ハイフネーション: de‧pend‧ent

形容詞

dependent (comparative more dependent, superlative most dependent)

1. Relying upon; depending upon.

   At that point I was dependent on financial aid for my tuition.

   • 2013 June 7, Joseph Stiglitz, “Globalisation is about taxes too”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 19:

     It is time the international community faced the reality: we have an unmanageable, unfair, distortionary global tax regime. […] It is the starving of the public sector which has been pivotal in America no longer being the land of opportunity – with a child's life prospects more dependent on the income and education of its parents than in other advanced countries.

2. (statistics) Having a probability that is affected by the outcome of a separate event.
   • 1994, Kathryn Stout, Maximum Math, page 217:

     The formula for finding the probability of one event followed by a dependent event is written P(A, B) = P(A) × P(B/A) where P(B/A) is read “the probability of B given A.”

   • 2005, Alejandro Balbás, Rosario Romera, Esther Ruiz, Recent Advances in Applied Probability, Springer, page 49:

     Within the GMM framework, the distribution of returns conditional on the market return can be both serially dependent and conditionally heteroscedastic.

   • 2006, M.M. Rao, Randall J. Swift, Probability Theory with Applications (Second Edition), Springer, page 87:

     Is it possible to find events A, B of Ω so that A and B are independent? The answer to this simple and interesting problem is no. A probability space (Ω,Σ,P) is called a “dependent probability space” if there are no nontrivial independent events in Ω, (Ω,Σ,P) is called an independent space otherwise.

3. (of Irish/Manx/Scottish (Gaelic) verb forms) Used after a particle (with one or two exceptions), such as those which express questions, subordinate clauses, and negative sentences.
4. (medicine) Of part of the body: positioned lower than the heart, like the legs while standing up, or the back while supine.
   • 2008 February 17, Umberto Lucangelo, Paolo Pelosi, Walter A. Zin, Andrea Aliverti, Respiratory System and Artificial Ventilation, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 198:

     Several groups have shown that the gravitational distribution of pleural pressure is much more uniform when animals are in a prone rather than in a supine position, […] After volume-infusion-induced pulmonary oedema, Ppl was positive in the dependent lung regions in supine animals but much less positive in those in the prone position.

   • 2009, Gabby Koutoukidis, Rita Funnell, Karen Lawrence, Jodie Hughson, Kate Stainton, Tabbner's Nursing Care: Theory and Practice, Elsevier Australia, →ISBN, page 406:

     The limbs should not assume a dependent position and may be supported; for example, the upper arm and leg may be flexed and supported on pillows […]

5. Hanging down.

   a dependent bough or leaf

別の表記

• dependant (obsolete)

同意語

反意語

• independent

派生語

名詞

dependent (plural dependents) (American spelling)

1. A person who relies on another for support or sustenance, particularly financial support.

   With two children and an ailing mother, she had three dependents in all.

2. (grammar) An element in phrase or clause structure that is not the head. Includes complements, modifiers and determiners.
3. (grammar) The aorist subjunctive or subjunctive perfective: a form of a verb not used independently but preceded by a particle to form the negative or a tense form. Found in Greek and in the Gaelic languages.
4. (philosophy) dependent (origination), in Buddhism, the idea that the existence of everything is conditional and dependent on a cause, and that nothing happens fortuitously or by chance.

別の表記

• dependant (UK, Commonwealth)

反意語

• independent

派生語

• co-dependent
• depending

関連する語

参照