departとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: dĭ-pät', IPA: /dɪˈpɑːt/
• (General American) enPR: dĭ-pärt', IPA: /dɪˈpɑɹt/
• 韻: -ɑː(ɹ)t

動詞

depart (third-person singular simple present departs, present participle departing, simple past and past participle departed)

1. (intransitive) To leave.
   • 1599 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Cronicle History of Henry the Fift, […] (First Quarto), London: […] Thomas Creede, for Tho[mas] Millington, and Iohn Busby […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

     […] he that hath no ſtomacke to this feaſt,
     Let him depart, […]

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Samuel 4:21:

     The glory is departed from Israel.

   • 1838 March – 1839 October, Charles Dickens, “Ralph Nickleby, baffled by his Nephew in his late Design, hatches a scheme of Retaliation which accident suggests to him, and takes into his Counsels a tried Auxiliary”, in The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 558:

     With very little excuse for departing so abruptly, Ralph left him, […]

   • 1964, Philip K. Dick, “NINE”, in Clans of the Alphane Moon, United States: Ace Books, →OCLC; republished London: HarperCollinsPublishers, 1996, →ISBN, page 112:

     She came in now, but to the closet; from it she took a simple skirt and blouse. Picking up her underclothing she departed, obviously to dress somewhere else.

   • 2009 September 7, George Monbiot, The Guardian:

     The government maintains that if its regulations are too stiff, British bankers will leave the country. It's true that they have been threatening to depart in droves, but the obvious answer is: "Sod off then."

2. (intransitive) To set out on a journey.
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xviij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book VII:

     And soo she receyued hym vpon suffysaunt seurte / so alle her hurtes were wel restored of al that she coude complayne / and thenne he departed vnto the Courte of kyne Arthur / and there openly the reed knyghte of the reed laundes putte hym in the mercy of syre Launcelot and syr Gawayne

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1886 May, Thomas Hardy, chapter V, in The Mayor of Casterbridge: The Life and Death of a Man of Character. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 73–74:

     Elizabeth saw her friend depart for Port-Breedy, […]

   • 1904 January 29 – October 7, Joseph Conrad, chapter IV, in Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, London; New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers […], published 1904, →OCLC, part second (The Isabels), page 138:

     Distant acclamations, words of command yelled out, and a roll of drums on the jetty greeted the departing general.

3. (intransitive, euphemistic) To die.
   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 75, column 2:

     […] his Tongue,
     Sounds euer after as a ſullen Bell
     Remembred, knolling a departing Friend.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 2:29:

     Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace.

   • 1859, Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: The Astronomer-Poet of Persia, page 1:

     And, as the Cock crew, those who stood before
     The Tavern shouted — "Open then the Door!
     You know how little while we have to stay,
     And, once departed, may return no more."

4. (intransitive, figurative) To disappear, vanish; to cease to exist.
   • 1846, Charlotte Brontë, “The Teacher’s Monologue”, in Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell‎:

     For youth departs, and pleasure flies,
     And life consumes away,

   • 1934 October, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], “Chapter 15”, in Burmese Days, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, →OCLC:

     An extraordinary joie de vivre had come over them all as soon as the shaky feeling departed from their legs.

   • 1953, James Baldwin, “Gabriel’s Prayer”, in Go Tell It on the Mountain (A Dial Press Trade Paperback Book), New York, N.Y.: Bantam Dell, published July 2005, →ISBN, part 2 (The Prayers of the Saints), page 110:

     […] then he knew it was Elisha, and his fear departed.

5. (intransitive) To deviate (from), be different (from), fail to conform.

   His latest statements seemed to depart from party policy somewhat.

   to depart from a title or defence in legal pleading

   • 1788, James Madison, “Number 39,” in Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison, The Federalist, On the New Constitution, Philadelphia: Benjamin Warner, 1818, p. 204,

     If the plan of the convention, therefore, be found to depart from the republican character, its advocates must abandon it as no longer defensible.

   • 1960, Muriel Spark, chapter 12, in The Bachelors‎, Philadelphia: Lippincott, published 1961, page 201:

     [...] he compared the precise points at which the handwriting of the letter departed from examples of Freda Flower’s handwriting and coincided with examples of Patrick Seton’s [...]

   • 1960 February, “The first of London's new Piccadilly Line trains is delivered”, in Trains Illustrated, page 94:

     The interior colour scheme departs from the conventional L.T. red and green upholstery and matching paintwork, which has been replaced by a maroon and grey moquette with dove grey paint below the waist rail.

6. (transitive) To go away from; to leave.
   • 1589, John Eliot, transl., Aduise giuen by a Catholike gentleman, to the nobilitie & commons of France‎, London: John Wolfe, page 27:

     [...] he [...] did pray them only to do no thing against the honor of God, & rather to depart the territories of his empire, then to suffer their consciences to be forced.

   • 1771, [Oliver] Goldsmith, “Henry II”, in The History of England, from the Earliest Times to the Death of George II. […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] Davies, […]; [T.] Becket and [P. A.] De Hondt; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 236:

     Then, departing the palace, he [Thomas Becket] asked the king's immediate permission to leave Northampton; [...]

   • 1989, Kazuo Ishiguro, “Day Two: Morning”, in The Remains of the Day‎, Vintage Canada, published 2014:

     At one stage, when I happened to depart the room in the midst of an address by one of the German gentlemen, M. Dupont suddenly rose and followed me out.

   • 1997, Richard Flanagan, chapter 64, in The Sound of One Hand Clapping‎, New York: Grove, published 2001, page 323:

     She felt what Mrs Maja Picotti had suspected in her prayers, that her soul had departed her body.

   • 2009, The Guardian, Sport Blog, 9 September:

     The build-up to Saturday's visit of Macedonia and this encounter with the Dutch could be construed as odd in the sense that there seemed a basic acceptance, inevitability even, that Burley would depart office in their immediate aftermath.

7. (ambitransitive, aviation) To lose control of an aircraft; to "depart" (sense 5) from controlled flight (with the aircraft as the direct object)

   The envelope protection system allows the pilot to maneuver at high angles of attack without the risk of departing the airplane

8. (obsolete, transitive) To divide up; to distribute, share.
   • 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

     and so all the worlde seythe that betwyxte three knyghtes is departed clerely knyghthode, that is Sir Launcelot du Lake, Sir Trystrams de Lyones and Sir Lamerok de Galys—thes bere now the renowne.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1595, Jacques Hurault, translated by Arthur Golding, Politicke, Moral, and Martial Discourses‎, London: Adam Islip, Book 3, Chapter 17, p. 458:

     Then fortified hee his trenches, and departed them in foure quarters, wherein he made good store of fires, in such distance one from another, as are woont to be made in a campe.

   • 1597, Thomas Dawson, The Second part of the good Hus-wiues Iewell‎, London: Edward White:

     Fyrst on that day yee shall serue a calfe sodden and blessed, and sodden egs with greene sauce, and set them before the most principall estate, and that Lorde because of his high estate, shal depart them al about him [...]

   • 1602, “Extract out of the Acts of the Councell of Nice”, in Patrick Simon, transl., The Estate of the Church with the Discourse of Times, from the Apostles untill This Present‎, London: Thomas Creede, page 102:

     That Deacons be not preferred before Priests, nor sit in their ranke, nor in their presence do distribute the Sacraments but only minister vnto them, and assist when they do distribute: but when there are no Priests there, in that case they may depart them.

9. (obsolete, transitive) To separate, part.
   • 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book IV, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

     Syr knyght[,] said the two squyers that were with her[,] yonder are two knyghtes that fyghte for thys lady, goo thyder and departe them […].

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1549 March 7, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, “The Forme of Solemnizacion of Matrimonie”, in The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC, folio xiiii, recto:

     I .N. take thee .N. to my wedded wife, to haue ⁊ to holde from this day forwarde, for better, for wurſe, for richer, for poorer, in ſickenes, and in health, to loue, and to cheriſhe, til death vs departe: according to Goddes holy ordeinaunce: And therto I plight thee my trouth.

     The original wording of till death do us part.

   • 1550, Thomas Nicholls, transl., The Hystory Writtone by Thucidides the Athenyan‎, London, Book 3, Chapter 2, p. 74:

     Thies be than the causes [...] for the whiche we depart our selues from the Athenyans [...]

   • 1582, Stephen Batman (translator), Batman vppon Bartholome his booke De proprietatibus rerum, London: Thomas East, Book 5, Chapter 26, “Of the shoulders,”

     The twisted forkes [i.e. fork-shaped bones] be néedfull to binde the shoulders, and to depart them from the breast.

   • c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 82, column 2:

     Ere we depatt, wee'l ſhare a bounteous time / In different pleaſures.

   • 1617, Thomas Taylor, Dauids Learning‎, London: Henry Fetherstone, Dedicatory epistle:

     Great is the affinitie of soule and body, neerely coupled and wedded by God, like Husband & Wife, for better and worse till death depart them.

使用する際の注意点

The past participle, departed, unlike that of the majority of English verbs, has an active, rather than a passive sense when used adjectivally:

• not even a legible inscription to record its departed greatness (Charles Dickens, American Notes, Chapter 8,)
• As soon as they had left, Mrs. Gibson began her usual comments on the departed visitors. (Elizabeth Gaskell, Wives and Daughters, Chapter 16,)
• the sky still clung to and retained some lingering skirts of light from the departed day (Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, Chapter 7,)

Conjugation

同意語

• (to leave): See Thesaurus:leave
• (to die): See Thesaurus:die
• (to deviate): deviate, digress, diverge, sidetrack, straggle, vary
• (to go away from): leave

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “to leave”): arrive, come, stay
• (antonym(s) of “to die”): live
• (antonym(s) of “to deviate”): conform

派生語

関連する語

• departure
• dearly departed

名詞

depart

1. (obsolete) Division; separation, as of compound substances.
2. (obsolete) A going away; departure.
   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     at my depart for France

   • 1633, John Donne, “To M. I. L.”, in Poems‎, London: John Marriot, page 101:

     Of that short Roll of friends writ in my heart
     Which with thy name begins, since their depart,
     Whether in the English Provinces they be,
     Or drinke of Po, Sequan, or Danubie,

アナグラム

• detrap, drapet, parted, petard, prated, rapted, tarped, traped