conservativeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/, /kənˈzɜːvətɪv/
• (General American) IPA: /kənˈsɝvətɪv/
• (Indic) IPA: /kənsə(r)ˈveʈɪv/
• ハイフネーション: con‧ser‧va‧tive

名詞

conservative (plural conservatives)

1. A person who favors maintenance of the status quo.
   • 1999, Nicholas Walker, “The Reorientation of Critical Theory: Habermas”, in Simon Glemdinning, editor, The Edinburgh Encyclopedia of Continental Philosophy‎, Routledge, →ISBN, page 489:

     During the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, this commitment brought him into frequent critical confrontation with entrenched forms of conservative thinking (in academic areas from history and social science to the more abstract domains of ethical and political philosophy), […]

2. (politics) One who seeks to promote or preserve traditional values or institutions.

   Hyponyms: reactionary, small-c conservative

   Coordinate terms: moderate, liberal, progressive, libertarian, centrist, fascist, communist, socialist

   • 2020 November 18, Brian Lowry, “‘Soros’ looks at the life and activism of the right’s favorite bogeyman”, in CNN‎:

     If there’s a down side to the film, it’s that “Soros” probably doesn’t devote enough time to the way its subject has become a favorite bogeyman to conservatives that paint him as the guiding hand behind grassroots campaigns by those intent on discrediting them.

3. (especially US, Canada, politics) One who seeks to promote traditions in a particular domain (e.g. a fiscal conservative or a social conservative).

上位語

• traditionalist

派生語

形容詞

conservative (comparative more conservative, superlative most conservative)

1. Cautious, moderate.

   The chef added a conservative amount of salt to the dish.

2. Tending to resist change or innovation.

   The curriculum committee at this university is extremely conservative.

3. Based on pessimistic assumptions, and on the low side.

   At a conservative estimate, growth may even be negative next year.

4. (US, Canada, economics, politics, social sciences) Supporting some combination of fiscal, political or social conservatism.
   • 1949, F. A. Hayek, “The Intellectuals and Socialism”, in University of Chicago Law Review, volume 16, number 3, Chicago: University of Chicago, →DOI, page 421:

     Newspapers in "capitalist" ownership, universities presided over by "reactionary" governing bodies, broadcasting systems owned by conservative governments have all been known to influence public opinion in the direction of socialism, because this was the conviction of the personnel.

   • 2020 November 18, Brian Lowry, “‘Soros’ looks at the life and activism of the right’s favorite bogeyman”, in CNN‎:

     George Soros remains a favorite target of conservative conspiracy theorists, seeing his corrupting influence behind every liberal movement and within every nook and cranny.

5. (British, politics) Relating to the Conservative Party.
   • 1830, Quarterly Rev.:

     We have always been conscientiously attached to what is called the Tory, and which might with more propriety be called the Conservative, party.

6. (physics, not comparable) Neither creating nor destroying a given quantity.
7. Having power to preserve in a safe or entire state, or from loss, waste, or injury; preservative.
   • 1841, The New British and Foreign Temperance Magazine, page 202:

     Without the conservative organs, the body would receive no nourishment; and without nourishment, it would soon decay and perish.

8. (Judaism) Relating to Conservative Judaism.
9. (clothing) Conventional, traditional, and moderate in style and appearance; not extreme, excessive, faddish, or intense.
10. (medicine) Not including any operation or intervention (said of a treatment, see conservative treatment)
    • 2000, G. Puddu et al., “Achilles Tendon Injuries”, in The Encyclopaedia of Sports Medicine, →ISBN, page 200:

      Operative treatment should be reserved for those patients in whom conservative treatment has failed and who are motivated with regard to sports.

11. (linguistics) Having few changes relative to an older form, especially in comparison to related varieties.

    While innovative in its verbal system, Sardinian is the most conservative Romance language in its vocabulary and phonology.

    • 1957, E[ric] J. Dobson, English pronunciation 1500-1700, second edition, volume II: Phonology, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1968, →OCLC, § 145, page 673:

      In spite of the vague evidence, I think that we may conclude that ME ǭ, like ME ę̄, had two pronunciations during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, a more advanced pronunciation with close [oː], and a more conservative one with the ‘intermediate vowel’ [ɔː] […]

12. (calculus, of field) That is the gradient of a function.

引用

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:conservative.

派生語

関連する語

参考

• conservative on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

参照

• “conservative”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• conservative in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “conservative”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• conversative

形容詞

cōnservātīve

1. vocative masculine singular of cōnservātīvus

参照

• "conservative", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)