chaldronとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

chaldron (plural chaldrons)

1. (archaic) An old English dry measure, containing four quarters. At London, 36 bushels heaped up, or its equivalent weight, and more than twice as much at Newcastle. Now used exclusively for coal and coke.
   • 1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 208:

     The celdra or chaldron is employed in some places, especially at Finchale or Wearmouth. It appears to contain four quarters or thereabouts, and is perhaps the original measure of which the quarter is a fraction.

   • 1950 November, “Robert Stephenson & Hawthorns Limited”, in Railway Magazine, page 724:

     The visitors recorded that it [Locomotion] could haul 20 wagons, each holding one Newcastle chaldron of coal (53 cwt.).

   • ????, De Colange.

     In the United States the chaldron is ordinarily 2,940 lbs, but at New York it is 2,500 lbs.

   • 2025 February 5, Dr Joseph Brennan, “Railway heritage saved in 2024”, in RAIL, number 1028, page 54:

     Another site of early railway enterprise to be upgraded to 2* before benefiting from restoration (which would remove it from the 2024 at-risk register) is the S&DR [Stockton & Darlington Railway] coal drops, located in Shildon's Locomotive museum. After it was upgraded in 2021 […] , 2022 research by Historic England found that the drops, constructed in 1847, were the world's first attempt at mechanising locomotive refuelling. The drops worked by chaldron wagons being taken up the incline, and their loads dropped down chutes into tenders of steam locomotives waiting below.

語源 2

名詞

chaldron (plural chaldrons)

1. Alternative form of chawdron
   • 1604 (date written), Tho[mas] Dekker, [Thomas Middleton], The Honest Whore. […] (4th quarto), London: […] Nicholas Okes for Robert Basse, […], published 1616, →OCLC, Act I, signature B, verso:

     Hovv fare I? troth, for ſixpence a meale, vvench, as vvel as heart can vviſh, vvith Calves Chaldrons, and Chitterlings, beſides I haue a Punck after ſupper, as good as a roſted Apple.

   • 1701, “a lady” [pseudonym], “The Termes and Art of Carving of Fowl, Fish, Flesh, &c. With Proper Sauces, and Garnishings, More Particularly than yet Mentioned. Also the Like in Pastry, Sweetmeats, and Other Rarities.”, in The Whole Duty of a Woman: Or A Guide to the Female Sex. From the Age of Sixteen to Sixty, &c. […], 3rd edition, London: […] J. Guillim, […], →OCLC, page 139:

     To Lift a Swan. […] [P]lace the tvvo halves, ſlit ſide dovvnvvard, ſtrevv ſome Salt and Cinnamon about it, and ſerve up Chaldron Sauce, in Saucers, Garniſhing vvith VVater-Lillies, VVater-Creſſes, or any ſuitable flovvers, or greens, grovving in or by the vvater.

   • 1859, Hensleigh Wedgwood, “Chitterling”, in A Dictionary of English Etymology, volume I (A–D), London: Trübner & Co., […], →OCLC, page 335:

     Chitterling. […] The small entrails of a hog, from their wrinkled appearance. […] [German] kalbs gekröse, a calf's pluck or chaldron; gänse gekröse, a goose's giblets, called chitters in the N[orth] of E[ngland].

アナグラム

• chlordan, chondral