ch inとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: chĭn

固有名詞

Ch'in

1. A surname from Mandarin.
   • 1991, Ho Peng-Yoke, “Ch’in Chiu-shao”, in Biographical Dictionary of Mathematicians: Reference Biographies from the Dictionary of Scientific Biography‎, volume 1, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 481, column 2:

     The Mongols invaded Szechuan in 1236, and Ch’in fled to the east, where he first became a vice-administrator (t’ung-p’an) in Ch’i-chou prefecture (now Ch’i-ch’un in Hupeh province) and then governor of Ho-chou (now Ho-hsien in Anhwei province).

   • 2014, William Mulligan, “Empire and Nations, 1915”, in The Great War for Peace‎, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 130:

     Ch’in Li-chun, who had studied Japanese and now worked for a Japanese railway company in Shantung province, committed suicide. ‘The Japanese language I had studied in Japan for ten years,’ he wrote in his suicide note, ‘suddenly went out of my mind due to the stimulus on May 7; I was therefore not able to serve the company. I could not provide food and clothes for my family so I had to die.’

2. Alternative form of Qin.
   • 1940, H. Y. Lowe (盧興源), “The Story of Ch’ui P’ing”, in The Adventures of Wu: The Life Cycle of a Peking Man‎, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, published 1983, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 146–147:

     There lived a young political genius, not more than thirty years of age, by the name of Ch’ui P’ing (he is better known to the Chinese as Ch’ui Yuan). Young Ch’ui hailed from a rich and influential family of nobles and before long he won the confidence of the then Ch’u emperor, Hwai Wang, and was appointed to a high administrative position. He made recommendations in lengthy memorials and advocated giving the citizens of Ch’u a new deal and a square one at that. The emperor had taken him in as his right hand man allowing him a free hand in the politico-military situation with a high-sounding title which would translates no less than Supreme Crown Adviser and Expert Consultant, and entrusted to him the important duties, on account of his diplomatic acumen, of an ambassador-at-large on a politically inspired tour of the various minor states, notably the Kingdom of Ch’i (the present Shantung province) in an attempt to negotiate some alliance of joint action in defending themselves against the expansionists schemes of the Kingdom of Ch’in, whose domain then was roughly the present Shensi province. He almost succeeded in his mission.

   • 1962, Leonard Cottrell, The Tiger of Chʻin: The Dramatic Emergence of China as a Nation‎, Holt Reinhart and Winston, page 220:

     In this "Memorial," his last appeal to the emperor, Li Ssu described his long life of service to the state of Ch'in. He recalled the day when, as a young, unknown scholar, he had entered the service of the minister Lu Pu-wei. In those days, he wrote, "Ch'in 's territory did not exceed a thousand li and its soldiers did not number more than a hundred thousand."

   • 1965, Cho-yun Hsu, Ancient China in Transition: An Analysis of Social Mobility, 722–222 b.c.‎, Stanford University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 45:

     Lu Pu-wei was a prosperous businessman in the large city of Han-tan in Chao, where he met a prince of Ch'in who was being kept as hostage in the capital.

   • 1968, Wallace Sokolsky, “Empire”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 8, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 345, column 2:

     In China, after several hundred years of political turbulence, a king of Ch’in, a northern state, took the conquest title, Shih Huang Ti, meaning First Universal Ruler. Though a powerful man, one who, for example, had most of the Great Wall finished, his rule was considered harsh and after his death the people accepted a new dynasty known as the Han.

   • 1980, Laurence A. Schneider, A Madman of Ch'u: The Chinese Myth of Loyalty and Dissent‎, University of California Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 174:

     A bit of local lore claims that this mound is actually one of twelve in the area. The others were decoys, raised by the people to confuse the "traitors of Ch'u and the troops of Ch'in who would have desecrated the Corpse of Ch'ü Yüan."

参照

アナグラム

• HNIC, NCHI, Inch, inch, ichn-

発音

• enPR: chĭn, IPA: /t͡ʃɪn/
• 韻: -ɪn

語源 1

From 中期英語 chyn, from 古期英語 ċinn (“chin”), from Proto-West Germanic *kinnu, from Proto-Germanic *kinnuz (“chin”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“chin, jaw”).

Compare West Frisian/Dutch kin, Low German/German Kinn, Danish kind, Icelandic kinn, Welsh gen, Latin gena, Tocharian A śanweṃ, Ancient Greek γένυς (génus, “jaw”), Armenian ծնոտ (cnot), Persian چانه (čâne), Sanskrit हनु (hánu). Doublet of gena.

名詞

chin (plural chins)

1. The bottom of a face, (specifically) the typically jutting jawline below the mouth.

   Synonym: (anatomy) mentum

   What does it mean to have a pointy chin instead of a flat chin?

2. (slang, US) Talk.
3. (slang, British) A lie, a falsehood.
4. (slang, British) A person of the upper class.
5. (boxing, uncountable) The ability to withstand being punched in the chin without being knocked out.

   Antonyms: glass chin, glass jaw

6. (aviation) The lower part of the front of an aircraft, below the nose.

   To paint chins of aircraft

   • 1990, Army, volume 40:

     In the cleft of the aircraft's chin is a small turret for a forward-looking infrared (FLIR) "eyeball" that will enable MH-47E pilots to see clearly in complete darkness […]

   • 2001, Aviation Week & Space Technology:

     Lockheed Martin's system is mounted behind a transparent, low-observable window blended into the aircraft's chin.

7. The bottom part of a mobile phone, below the screen.

   The phone's chin looks different from the rest of it.

派生語

動詞

chin (third-person singular simple present chins, present participle chinning, simple past and past participle chinned)

1. (slang, dated, intransitive) To talk.
   • 1912, Jack London, chapter 5, in Smoke Bellew‎, New York: Grosset & Dunlap, page 141:

     “I reckon you can explain, Mrs. Peabody.” […] “An’ I reckon that newcomer you’ve been chinning with could explain if he had a mind to.”

   • 1944, Ernie Pyle, chapter 1, in Brave Men‎, New York: Henry Holt, page 3:

     This little chore involved getting up at 3 A.M., working about two hours, then sitting around chinning and drinking coffee with the radio operators until too late to go back to sleep.

2. (slang, dated, transitive) To talk to or with (someone).
   • 1911, Henry Sydnor Harrison, chapter 7, in Queed‎, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, page 85:

     “Been up chinning your sporting editor, Ragsy Hurd. […] ”

   • 1912, Nancy Mann Waddel Woodrow, chapter 12, in The Black Pearl‎, New York: Appleton, page 239:

     “What do you suppose that Seagreave’s chinning Hughie about[?]”

3. (reflexive, intransitive) To perform a chin-up (exercise in which one lifts one's own weight while hanging from a bar).
   • 1913, Upton Sinclair, The Fasting Cure‎, New York: Mitchell Kennerley, page 34:

     It is worth noting that on the eighth day he was strong enough to “chin” himself six times in succession, though previous to the fasting treatment he had never in his life been able to do this more than once or twice.

   • 1922, E. E. Cummings, chapter 4, in The Enormous Room‎, New York: Modern Library, published 1949, page 80:

     A description of the cour would be incomplete without an enumeration of the manifold duties of the planton in charge, which were as follows: to prevent the men from using the horizontal bar, except for chinning, since if you swung yourself upon it you could look over the wall into the women’s cour […]

   • 1969, Kurt Vonnegut, chapter 5, in Slaughterhouse-Five‎, New York: Dial, published 2005, page 119:

     The Englishmen had also been lifting weights and chinning themselves for years. Their bellies were like washboards. The muscles of their calves and upper arms were like cannonballs.

   • 1986, Martin Cohen, The Marine Corps 3X Fitness Program‎, Boston: Little, Brown, Part 3, p. 75:

     You can grunt and curse to your heart’s content but you cannot swing your body when chinning.

4. (chiefly UK, transitive) To punch or hit (someone), especially on the chin (part of the body).
   • 1915, Ralph Henry Barbour, chapter 14, in Left Tackle Thayer‎, New York: Dodd, Mead, pages 183–184:

     He told me once that he used to be scared to death every time he started in a hard game for fear he’d get badly injured. Said it wasn’t until someone had jabbed him in the nose or ‘chinned’ him that he forgot to be scared.

   • 1966, Nell Dunn, “OUT with the Boys”, in Up the Junction‎, Philadelphia: Lippincott, page 88:

     ‘I’m in trouble, I hit a policeman—chinned him. He was messin’ me about, pushin’ me around on the pavement, so I chinned him, didn’t I? […] ’

5. (transitive) To put or hold (a musical instrument) up to one's chin.
   • 1849 September, Alfred Billings Street, “General Training”, in Graham’s American Monthly Magazine of Literature and Art, volume 35, number 3, page 137:

     Conspicuous in the front rank of “the music” was Joe Lippett, chinning his fife […]

   • 1925, Arthur Bowie Chrisman, “Four Generals”, in Shen of the Sea: Chinese Stories for Children‎, New York: E.P. Dutton, published 1968, page 82:

     A comical fellow hopped down from a stump and chinned his fiddle while Prince Chang stared.

   • 1951, Gene Fowler, chapter 16, in Schnozzola: The Story of Jimmy Durante‎, New York: Viking, page 173:

     Jimmy sat down at the piano, and the scientist tuned, then chinned the violin.

6. (transitive) To turn on or operate (a device) using one's chin; to select (a particular setting) using one's chin.
   • 1958, Robert Heinlein, chapter 8, in Have Space Suit—Will Travel‎, New York: Del Rey, page 160:

     I was too tired to argue; I chinned the valve three or four times, felt a blast blistering my face.

   • 1985, Joe Haldeman, “You Can Never Go Back”, in Dealing in Futures‎, New York: Viking, page 154:

     I landed kind of sloppily on hands and knees and chinned the squad frequency. “First squad sound off!”

7. (transitive) To put one's chin on (something).
   • 1977, Ian Wallace, chapter 26, in The Sign of the Mute Medusa‎, New York: Popular Library, page 243:

     […] she elbowed the table and chinned her hand.

   • 1994, Garry Disher, chapter 7, in Crosskill‎, St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin, page 35:

     He chinned the alley fence and looked both ways along it.

8. (transitive) To indicate or point toward (someone or something) with one's chin.
   • 2004, Han Ong, The Disinherited‎, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Part 4, Chapter 4, p. 239:

     But you don’t love him, said Madame Sonia with understanding. Do you love this one? Madame Sonia chinned the American.

   • 2025 August 12, Hailey Piper, A Game in Yellow, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 28,61:

     A wry laugh bubbled up Carmen's throat as she turned to Blanca. "You brought us here to read?" "Try," Blanca said, chinning at the tome. […] Carmen glanced up between them and then chinned at the bathroom.

同意語

• (talk (slang)): gab

派生語

• chinning bar

語源 2

Shortening of chinchilla.

名詞

chin (plural chins)

1. (informal) A chinchilla.

参考

アナグラム

• HNIC, NCHI, Inch, inch, ichn-