capioとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Inherited from Old Latin kapiō, from Proto-Italic *kapjō, from Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti, from the root *kap- (“to seize, grab”).

Cognate with Albanian kap, Breton kavout, Welsh cael, English have, heave, Lithuanian kàmpt, and Ancient Greek κάπτω (káptō).

別の表記

• kapiō (Old Latin)
• -cipiō (in prefixed verbs)

動詞

capiō (present infinitive capere, perfect active cēpī, supine captum); third (-iō variant) conjugation

1. to take, to capture, to catch, to seize, to take captive, to storm

   Synonyms: expugnō, teneō, sumo, obsideo, aufero, retineo, comprehendō, dēprehendō, apprehendō, arripiō, prehendō, capessō, occupō, prehēnso

2. to take on, adopt

   capere consilium ― to make a resolution

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 7.26:

     Cōnsilium cēpērunt ex oppidō profugere

     Adopted a design to flee from the town

3. to hold, to contain

   Synonyms: habeō, contineo, teneō, comprehendō, apprehendō, concipio

4. to occupy, to possess

   Synonyms: potior, possideō, obtineō, compleō, adipīscor, apprehendō, teneō, comprehendō, obsideō

5. to take hold of, to take possession of, to possess

   Metus mē cēpit. ― Fear took hold of me.

6. to take in, to comprehend, to understand

   Synonyms: apprehendō, comprehendō, dēprehendō, accipiō, cognōscō, concipiō, teneō, apīscor, complector, excipiō, exaudiō, cōnsequor

   Antonyms: nesciō, ignōrō

7. to choose, select, elect

   Synonyms: legō, dēligō, ēligō, optō, adoptō, dēsūmō, dēstinō, sēpōnō, sūmō, creō

8. to reach (usually indicates traveling by sea)
9. to take in, to receive
10. to get, to receive (said of property, value, money)
11. to captivate, to charm, to fascinate, to enchant

    Synonyms: indūcō, sēdūcō, dēdūcō, sollicitō, persuādeō, alliciō, pelliciō

Conjugation

At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

派生語

派生した語

語源 2

From the above verb + -iō.

名詞

capiō f (genitive capiōnis); third declension

1. A taking
2. (law) The right of property acquired by prescription

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

同意語

• (a taking): captus

参照

Further reading

• “capio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “capio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “capio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be unable to sleep: somnum capere non posse
    
  • to begin with a thing: initium capere; incipere ab aliqua re
    
  • to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
    
  • to suffer loss, harm, damage: detrimentum capere, accipere, facere
    
  • to derive pleasure from a thing: voluptatem ex aliqua re capere or percipere
    
  • to infer by comparison, judge one thing by another: coniecturam alicuius rei facere or capere ex aliqua re
    
  • to form a plan, make a resolution: consilium capere, inire (de aliqua re, with Gen. gerund., with Inf., more rarely ut)
    
  • I am undecided..: incertus sum, quid consilii capiam
    
  • I forget something: oblivio alicuius rei me capit
    
  • to take a lesson from some one's example: sibi exemplum sumere ex aliquo or exemplum capere de aliquo
    
  • to take pleasure in a thing: laetitiam capere or percipere ex aliqua re
    
  • to be vexed about a thing: dolorem capere (percipere) ex aliqua re
    
  • to take courage: animum capere, colligere
    
  • to be touched with pity: misericordia moveri, capi (De Or. 2. 47)
    
  • the house is not large enough for all: domus non omnes capit (χωρειν)
    
  • to take food: cibum sumere, capere
    
  • let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
    
  • to take up one's arms: arma capere, sumere
    
  • to occupy a position (with troops): capere, occupare locum
    
  • to capture horses: capere equos
    
  • to take, storm a town: oppidum capere, expugnare
    
  • to take to flight: fugam capessere, capere
    
  • to take a person alive: capere aliquem vivum
    
  • to capture a boat: navem capere, intercipere, deprehendere
    
  • (ambiguous) bare-headed: capite aperto (opp. operto)
    
  • (ambiguous) with head covered: capite obvoluto
    
  • (ambiguous) to be blind: oculis captum esse (vid. sect. IV. 6., note auribus, oculis...)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be affected by disease in every limb; to be paralysed: omnibus membris captum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be overcome by sleep: somno captum, oppressum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to recklessly hazard one's life: in periculum capitis, in discrimen vitae se inferre
    
  • (ambiguous) to be out of one's mind: mente captum esse, mente alienata esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be fired with love: amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere
    
  • (ambiguous) to subtract something from the capital: de capite deducere (vid. sect. XII. 1, note Notice too...) aliquid
    
  • (ambiguous) to condemn some one to death: capitis or capite damnare aliquem
    
  • (ambiguous) to repeal a death-sentence passed on a person: capitis absolvere aliquem
    
  • (ambiguous) Solon made it a capital offence to..: Solo capite sanxit, si quis... (Att. 10. 1)
    
  • (ambiguous) to suffer capital punishment: supplicio (capitis) affici
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “capiō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 89