cannabisとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from Latin cannabis (“hemp”), from Ancient Greek κάνναβις (kánnabis). See there for more. Doublet of canvas and hemp.

発音

• IPA: /ˈkænəbɪs/
• ハイフネーション: can‧na‧bis

名詞

cannabis (countable and uncountable, plural cannabises)

1. A tall annual dioecious plant (Cannabis, especially Cannabis sativa), native to central Asia and having alternate, palmately divided leaves and tough bast fibers.

   Synonyms: hemp, marijuana

   Hyponyms: Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, Cannabis ruderalis

2. A mildly euphoriant or sedating, intoxicating hallucinogenic drug prepared from various parts of this plant.

   Synonyms: 420, bhang, bud, dope, draw, ganja, grass, herb, leaf, marijuana, pot, puff, string, reefer, skunk, THC, weed

   • 2021 July 22, Katie Hunt, “Schizophrenia linked to marijuana use disorder is on the rise, study finds”, in CNN‎:

     Cannabis use disorder is usually defined as a problematic use of the drug: developing tolerance to weed; using cannabis in larger amounts or over a longer period than intended; being unable to reduce use; spending a lot of time obtaining, using or recovering from the effects of cannabis; giving up important activities and obligations in favor of cannabis; and continued use of the drug despite negative consequences.

   • 2024, NTSB, Intersection Crash Between Passenger Car and Combination Vehicle, Tishomingo, Oklahoma, March 22, 2022:

     We determined that the car driver’s transportation of multiple teen passengers, limited driving experience, and likely impairment from effects of cannabis at the time of the crash adversely affected her judgment of the danger of entering the intersection in front of the approaching combination vehicle.

   • 2024, NTSB, Intersection Crash Between Passenger Car and Combination Vehicle, Tishomingo, Oklahoma, March 22, 2022:

     We found that teen drivers and the public largely misunderstand the legal status of cannabis use and do not fully recognize the risks of cannabis-impaired driving.

3. The purified and decarboxylated resin of the cannabis plant used for medicinal purposes rather than for any intoxicating effects.

派生語

派生した語

• → Irish: cannabas
• → Welsh: canabis

参考

• Appendix:Cannabis slang

別の表記

• cannaba, cannabum, cannabus, canapa, canapis, canapus, canava, canva (Late Latin, Vulgar Latin)

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkan.na.bɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkan.na.bis]

名詞

cannabis f (genitive cannabis); third declension

1. hemp

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem, accusative singular in -im, ablative singular in -e or -ī).

派生語

• cannabius

派生した語

• ⇒ Late Latin: cannabum, cannabus
  • Asturian: cáñamu
  • Catalan: cànem
  • Galician: cánabo (“hemp, hemp fiber”)
  • Occitan: cambe, carbe
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: cánamo, cánabo
  • Spanish: cáñamo
    • → Portuguese: cânhamo
  • Sardinian: cànnabu, càgnu
  • Sicilian: cànnavu, cànnamu

• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: canapa
  • → Albanian: kërp
  • Aromanian: cãnipã
  • Friulian: cjanaipe, čhanaipe
  • Italian: canapa
  • Megleno-Romanian: cǫnipă
  • Romanian: cânepă, cânipă

• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *canapis, *canapus
  • ⇒ Dalmatian: canapial (“cord”)

• ⇒ Late Latin: canava
  • French: chanvre
  • Norman: cannevi
  • Portuguese: cânave
  • Romansch: chanv, chonv, coniv, tgonev
  • Sicilian: cànnava
  • Venetan: caneva

• → Catalan: cànnabis
• → Dutch: cannabis
• → English: cannabis
  • → Irish: cannabas
• → French: cannabis
• → German: Cannabis
• → Galician: cánnabis
• → Greek: κάνναβη (kánnavi) (or directly from Ancient Greek)
• → Irish: cnáib
• → Italian: cannabis
• → Norman: cannabis
• → Occitan: canabís,
• → Portuguese: canábis, cânabis
• → Romanian: canabis
• → Spanish: cannabis
• → Swedish: cannabis

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkan.na.biːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkan.na.bis]

名詞

cannabīs

1. dative/ablative plural of cannabum

語源 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkan.na.biːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkan.na.bis]

名詞

cannabīs

1. dative/ablative plural of cannaba

参照

• “cannabis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cannabis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.