bustとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• buss (verb sense 12)

発音

• IPA: /ˈbʌst/
• 韻: -ʌst
• 異形同音異義語: bussed, bused

語源 1

From a non-rhotic pronunciation of burst, which goes back to 中期英語 busten, a variant of bursten, bresten (“to burst”). Compare Low German basten, a variant of barsten (“to burst”).

動詞

bust (third-person singular simple present busts, present participle busting, simple past and past participle busted or bust)

1. (transitive, colloquial, chiefly US) To break.

   I busted my cooker while trying to fix it.

2. (transitive, slang) To arrest (someone or a group of people) for a crime.

   Aaron got busted by the feds for leaking confidential government documents on Reddit.

3. (transitive, slang) To catch (someone) in the act of doing something wrong, socially and morally inappropriate, or illegal, especially when being done in a sneaky or secretive state.
4. (transitive) To debunk, dispel (a belief).

   MythBusters

5. (snowboarding) An emphatic synonym of do or get.

   He busted huge air off that jump!

6. (US, informal) To reduce in rank.

   He busted him down to patrolman for insubordination.

   • 1962, The Manchurian Candidate, 01:56:35

     If Steinkamp doesn't take off that hat and stop messing around, I'm gonna bust him into a PFC.

7. (finance, transitive) To undo a trade, generally an error trade, that has already been executed.
8. (poker) To lose all of one's chips.
9. (blackjack) To exceed a score of 21.
10. (transitive, slang) To break in (an animal).
    • 1997, Charles Oswald, Gone with the Western Wind:

      A few weeks later, Richard was killed accidentally while busting a wild mustang […]

11. (transitive, slang) To break in (a woman or girl), to deflower
    • 2014, Tison Pugh, Truman Capote: A Literary Life at the Movies‎, page 127:

      Smith hears Nancy's protests - "Don't ... no, please don't." - when Hicock menaces her with "You ever had a man?" Finding Hicock rubbing her thigh as she whimpers in fear, Smith confronts him about his intentions, and Hicock says, "First, I'm going to bust that little girl." Smith tells him no, but Hicock replies, "What do you care? You can bust her too."

12. (intransitive, vulgar, slang) To ejaculate; to eject semen or to squirt.

    I busted a fat one just wackin' it to the selfie she sent me.

    • 1996, Lil' Kim, “Not Tonight”:

      After ten times we fucked, I think I bust twice
      He was nice, kept my neck filled with ice

13. (journalism, intransitive) For a headline to exceed the amount of space reserved for it.
    • 1990, Paul Williams, The Computerized Newspaper: A Practical Guide for Systems Users, page 105:

      The temptation to squeeze in a favourite headline that busts by using the flexibility of new technology is often very strong.

    • 2007, Rob Steen, Sports Journalism: A Multimedia Primer, page 167:

      If your headline busts (breaks the confines of the layout) you will know straightaway. Similarly, the computer will inform you, in terms of the number of lines, how much longer or shorter the copy is in relation to the space allotted.

14. (chess, slang) To refute an established opening.
    • 2012 April 2, Frederic Friedel, “Rajlich: Busting the King's Gambit, this time for sure”, in ChessBase‎:

      So is the King's Gambit really busted?

15. (slang, African-American Vernacular, transitive) To shoot (a gun).

    He busted his glock.

16. (slang, African-American Vernacular, intransitive) To attack, hit or insult (someone).

    He's always busting on you.

17. (slang) To do or perform; to move quickly.

    Bust a left turn.

同意語

• (to arrest for a crime): nick

派生語

名詞

bust (plural busts)

1. (slang) The act of arresting someone for a crime, or raiding a suspected criminal operation.

   a narcotics bust

2. (slang) A police raid or takedown of a criminal enterprise.
3. (slang) A failed enterprise; a bomb.
4. (chess, slang) A refutation of an opening, or of a previously published analysis.
5. (slang) A disappointment.
   • 2014 November 2, “Opposites A-Frack”, in The Simpsons, season 26, episode 5:

     Paris was a bust. They wouldn't even let us see the Mona Lisa.

6. (sports, derogatory) A player who fails to meet expectations.
7. (economics) The downward portion of a boom and bust cycle; a recession.
8. (slang, dated) A spree, unrestrained revel, or wild party.

派生語

形容詞

bust (not comparable)

1. (slang) Without any money, broke, bankrupt.

   After months of financial problems, the company finally went bust.

派生語

• bust up/bust-up
• busted (adjective)
• go bust

語源 2

Borrowed from French buste, from Italian busto (“torso, upper body”), from Latin bustum (“funeral monument, tomb," originally "funeral pyre, place where corpses are burned”). Perhaps shortened from Latin ambustum, neuter of ambustus (“scorched”), past participle of ambūrō (“burn all over, scorch”), from ambi- (“around”) + ūrō (“to burn”).

名詞

bust (plural busts)

1. A sculptural portrayal of a person's head and shoulders.
2. A woman's breasts; the circumference of her chest measured around the breasts.

派生語

関連する語

• bustier

アナグラム

• BTUs, but's, TBUs, buts, TUBS, tubs, stub