blindとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• blinde (obsolete)

語源

From 中期英語 blynd, from 古期英語 blind, from Proto-West Germanic *blind, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

発音

• enPR: blīnd, IPA: /blaɪnd/
• 韻: -aɪnd

形容詞

blind (comparative blinder, superlative blindest)

1. (not comparable) Unable to see, or only partially able to see.

   Synonym: sightless

   Antonyms: seeing, sighted

   Even a blind hen sometimes finds a grain of corn.

   Braille is a writing system for the blind.

   his blind eye

   • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     He that is strucken blind cannot forget / The precious treasure of his eyesight lost.

   • 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:

     He was plainly blind, for he tapped before him with a stick, and wore a great green shade over his eyes and nose...

2. (comparable) Failing to recognize, acknowledge or perceive.

   The lovers were blind to each other’s faults.

   Authors are blind to their own defects.

   • 2012, Katy Perry, Max Martin, Bonnie McKee, Dr. Luke, Cirkut, “Wide Awake”, in Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection‎, performed by Katy Perry:

     God knows that I tried / Seeing the bright side / (I’m wide awake) / But I’m not blind anymore

3. (not comparable, of a place) Having little or no visibility.

   a blind path

   a blind ditch

   a blind corner

   • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:

     the blind mazes of this tangled wood

4. (not comparable) Closed at one end; having a dead end; exitless.

   a blind alley

   a blind fistula

   a blind gut

   • 1898, Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, page 498:

     The naric-hypophysial canal was blind at both ends, and paired olfactory sacs opened into it, as well as a narrow canal from the front of the gut.

   • 1914, James Joyce, Araby:

     North Richmond street, being blind, was a quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers' School set the boys free.

5. (not comparable) Having no openings for light or passage; both dark and exitless.

   a blind wall

   a blind alley

6. (not comparable, metalworking, construction, of a fastener) Able to be fixed without access to one end.

   a blind rivet

7. (in certain phrases, chiefly in the negative) Smallest or slightest.

   I shouted, but he didn’t take a blind bit of notice.

   We pulled and pulled, but it didn't make a blind bit of difference.

8. (not comparable) Without any prior knowledge.

   He took a blind guess at which fork in the road would take him to the airport.

   I went into the meeting totally blind, so I really didn’t have a clue what I was talking about.

9. (not comparable) Unconditional; without regard to evidence, logic, reality, accidental mistakes, extenuating circumstances, etc.

   blind deference

   blind justice

   blind punishment

   • 1787–1788, John Jay, The Federalist Papers

     This plan is recommended neither to blind approbation nor to blind reprobation.

   • 1977, Dennis DeYoung, “The Grand Illusion”, in The Grand Illusion, performed by Styx:

     America spells competition / Join us in our blind ambition / Get yourself a brand-new motor car

10. (sciences) Using blinded study design, wherein information is purposely limited to prevent bias.

    a blind trial

11. Unintelligible or illegible.

    a blind passage in a book; blind writing

12. (Of a pimple) not having a well-defined head.
    • 1995, Paul Vautin, Turn It Up!, Sydney: Pan Macmillan Australia, page 28:

      There it was, right in the middle of my forehead - the biggest, blindest, reddest pimple I'd ever seen, just hanging there like a limpet mine.

13. (horticulture) Abortive; failing to produce flowers or fruit.

    blind buds

    blind flowers

14. (LGBTQ, slang) Uncircumcised.

等位語

• ageusic
• anosmic
• deaf

派生語

参考

• invisible (unable to be seen)
• print disabled

名詞

blind (plural blinds)

1. A movable covering for a window to keep out light, made of cloth or of narrow slats that can block light or allow it to pass.

   Hyponyms: roller blind, Venetian blind

   • 1941 June, “Notes and News: The Derelict Glyn Valley Tramway”, in Railway Magazine, page 279:

     A blind bearing the monogram G.V.T. is pulled down over the waiting room window as if still in mourning for the passing of the railway.

   • 1956, Delano Ames, chapter 12, in Crime out of Mind‎:

     Light filtered in through the blinds of the french windows. It made tremulous stripes along the scrubbed pine floor.

2. A destination sign mounted on a public transport vehicle displaying the route destination, number, name and/or via points, etc.
3. A place where people can hide in order to observe wildlife.

   a duck blind

   Field biologists use blinds, and so do hunters.

   • 2010, Jennifer Egan, A Visit from the Goon Squad, Corsair (2011):

     A gang of children […] stampede along a slatted path to a blind beside a watering hole: a wooden hut full of long benches with a slot they can peek through, invisible to the animals.

4. Something to mislead the eye or the understanding, or to conceal some covert deed or design; a subterfuge, deception.
5. (military) A blindage.
6. A hiding place.
   • 1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     So, when the watchful shepherd, from the blind,
     Wounds with a random shaft the careless hind

7. (rugby, colloquial) The blindside.
8. (baseball, slang, 1800s) No score.
9. (poker) A forced bet: the small blind or the big blind.

   The blinds are $10 and $20, and the ante is $1.

10. (poker) A player who is forced to pay such a bet.

    The blinds immediately folded when I reraised.

同意語

• (destination sign): rollsign (mainly US)

派生語

参考

• curtain
• jalousie

動詞

blind (third-person singular simple present blinds, present participle blinding, simple past and past participle blinded)

1. (transitive) To make temporarily or permanently blind.

   The light was so bright that for a moment he was blinded.

   Don’t wave that pencil in my face—do you want to blind me?

   • May 9, 1686 (date of preaching), Robert South, The Fatal Imposture and Force of Words (sermon)

     A blind guide is certainly a great mischief; but a guide that blinds those whom he should lead is […] a much greater.

2. (informal, obsolete except when paired, especially eff and blind) To curse, swear, use foul language
   • 1890, Rudyard Kipling, The Young British Soldier:

     If you’re cast for fatigue by a sergeant unkind,
     Don’t grouse like a woman, nor crack on, nor blind;
     Be handy and civil, and then you will find
     That it’s beer for the young British soldier.

   • 1960, P. G. Wodehouse, “Chapter 4”, in Jeeves in the Offing:

     I could see the unfortunate man felt his position deeply, and I was surprised that he contented himself with a mere ‘Ouch !’ But I suppose these solid citizens have to learn to curb the tongue. Creates a bad impression, I mean, if they start blinding and stiffing as those more happily placed would be.

3. To darken; to obscure to the eye or understanding; to conceal.
   • 1717, John Dryden, “Book XI. [The Story of Ceyx and Alcyone.]”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 396:

     He ſought, but in the dark tempeſtuous Night
     He knew not whither to direct his Sight.
     So whirl the Seas, ſuch Darkneſs blinds the Sky,
     That the black Night receives a deeper Dye.

   • 1676, Edward Stillingfleet, A Defence of the Discourse Concerning the Idolatry Practised in the Church of Rome:

     The state of the controversy between us he endeavored, with all his art, to blind and confound.

4. To cover with a thin coating of sand and fine gravel, for example a road newly paved, in order that the joints between the stones may be filled.

派生語

副詞

blind (comparative more blind, superlative most blind)

1. Without seeing; unseeingly.
   • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 196:

     It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as is very proper for those who tackle a darkness.

2. (colloquial) Absolutely, totally.

   to swear blind

   • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 195:

     It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as is very proper for those who tackle a darkness.

3. (poker, three card brag) Without looking at the cards dealt.
4. (cooking, especially in combination with ‘bake’) As a pastry case only, without any filling.

   Blind bake your pie case for fifteen minutes, then add the filling. This will help avoid a “soggy bottom”.

   • 2012, Frank D. Conforti, Food Selection and Preparation: A Laboratory Manual, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 63:

     If the shell is going to be baked without a filling, “baking the crust blind,” prick the bottom and sides of the crust to allow the steam to escape. Another variation: line the bottom of the crust with parchment paper […]

   • 2013, Dorie Greenspan, Baking: From My Home to Yours, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 490:

     PIE WEIGHTS: When you are baking a crust blind, which means when you are partially or fully baking it without filling (see blind-baking, page 474), you need something to keep the crust from puffing up: weights.

参照

発音

• IPA: /blind/

形容詞

blind (comparative blindra, superlative blindost)

1. blind
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints

     Fif and twentiġ manna myslīċe ġeuntrume cōmon tō þām hālgan heora hǣle biddende; sum wǣron blinde, sume wǣron healte, sume ēac dēafe, and dumbe ēac sum and hī ealle wurdon ānes dæġes ġehǣlede þurh þæs hālgan þingunge and him hām ġewendon.

     Twenty-five men, sickened in various ways, came to the saint begging for the health; some were blind, some were lame, some were also deaf, and some were dumb, and they were all healed in one day through the intercession of the saint and went home.

   blind, dēaf, and dumb

   blind, deaf, and dumb

2. (substantive) a blind person

語形変化

派生語

• blindnes
• blendan
• blindlīċe
• *samblind
• stærblind

派生した語

• Middle English: blynd, blynde, blind, blend, blyn
  • English: blind
  • Scots: blind, blynd
  • Yola: blin