africaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• Afrika (sometimes used in African-American Vernacular)
• Affrike (archaic)
• Afric (poetic, archaic)
• Africk (obsolete)
• Afficky (obsolete)

語源

From 中期英語 Affrike, from Old French Affrique, Affrike, from Latin Āfrica, from Āfrī, singular Āfer (inhabitant of the country of Carthage), in turn either from:

• The Punic or Phoenician word 𐤏𐤐𐤓 (ʿpr /⁠ʿafar⁠/, “dust”), which has cognates in other Semitic languages.
• The Berber word ifri (“cave”), plural ifran, in reference to cave dwellers of Tunisia (see Tataouine).

Folk etymologies include:

• Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) + φρίκη f (phríkē), meaning "without cold"
• Latin aprica (“sunny”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, 米国発音, Canada) IPA: /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/
• (weak vowel merger) IPA: /ˈæf.ɹə.kə/
• (General South African) IPA: /ɛfrɨkə/
• 韻: -æfɹɪkə
• (Indic) IPA: /ˈɑːfrɪkɑː/

固有名詞

Africa (countable and uncountable, plural Africas)

1. The continent that is south of Europe, east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Indian Ocean and north of Antarctica.

   Synonym: (sometimes offensive, dated, informal) Dark Continent

   the Maghreb and sub-Saharan Africa

   • 2025 January 18, Nimi Princewill, “Across Africa, Russia is growing in influence. What might Moscow want?”, in CNN‎:

     As Russia’s foothold in Africa expands – notably in the mineral-rich Sahel region that is beset by recurring coups, armed rebellion and extremist insurgency – anti-Western sentiments, partly fueled by Russian propaganda, are engineering the exit of Western troops from swathes of territory.

2. (nonstandard, proscribed) Sub-Saharan Africa, contrasted with the Maghreb.
   • 2021 June 10, Abdelmajid Hannoum, The Invention of the Maghreb: Between Africa and the Middle East, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 205:

     The Sahara stood as an important marker between the Maghreb and Africa, not only in modern times but in times immemorial.

3. (historical) A former province of the Roman Empire, containing what is now Tunisia, northeastern Algeria and portions of coastal Libya; existing from 146 BC (initially in the Roman Republic) through 698 AD, except for 439 through 534 AD, when it was occupied by the Vandals.
4. A surname.

Meronyms

• Subsahara

派生語

関連する語

• Africanish
• Afrikaans
• Afucka
• Apefrica
• Apefrican

派生した語

• → Chinese: 阿非利加 (Āfēilìjiā)
• → Swahili: Afrika

参考

アナグラム

• AFAICR, Faraci

固有名詞

Africa m

1. Africa

派生語

• Africanisc (“African”)

参照

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “Africa”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈaː.frɪ.ka]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈaː.fri.ka]

固有名詞

Āfrica f sg (genitive Āfricae); first declension

1. Northwestern Africa, the territory of Carthage, the African coast west of the Nile

   Nilus Africam ab Aethiopiā dispescens (Pliny 5, 9, 10, § 53)

2. Africa (a former province of the Roman Empire, containing what is now Tunisia and portions of coastal Algeria and Libya)
3. Africa (the continent south of Europe and between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans) (understood as the quarter of the globe south of the Mediterranean)

   Si probare possemus Ligarium in Āfricā omnino non fuisse.

   If we could prove that Ligarius was not at all in Africa.

語形変化

First-declension noun, singular only.

関連する語

• āfricānus
• āfricus

派生した語

• → Corsican: Africa
• → English: Africa
  • Tok Pisin: Afrika
  • → Malay: Afrika
• → Italian: Africa
• → Old French: Affrique
  • French: Afrique
  • Norman: Afrique
• → Romanian: Africa

Borrowings

• Middle Persian: [Term?] (/⁠frīgā⁠/)

参照

• “Africa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Africa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “Africa”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.