abortiveとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (米国発音) IPA: /əˈbɔɹ.tɪv/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /əˈbɔː.tɪv/

形容詞

abortive (comparative more abortive, superlative most abortive)

1. (obsolete) Produced by abortion; born prematurely and therefore unnatural. [c. 1400–mid 1700s]

   an abortive child

   • c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

     Thou elvish-marked, abortive, rooting hog!

2. Coming to nothing; failing in its effect. [from late 1500s].

   Synonyms: miscarrying, fruitless, unsuccessful, useless

   an abortive attempt

   • 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, published 1799:

     […] and with utter loss of being / Threatens him, plung'd in that abortive gulf.

   • 1838, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella:

     The king in vain excused his hasty retreats and abortive enterprises

   • 1851 April 9, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The House of the Seven Gables, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:

     He made a salutation, or, to speak nearer the truth, an ill-defined, abortive attempt at curtsy.

   • 2025 October 29, James Steward tells Joe Campbell, “Thriving on the stock exchange”, in RAIL, number 1047, page 46:

     Not surprisingly, ERS has that market covered. It now owns all five of the vehicles fitted with generators for the abortive Nightstar services through the Channel Tunnel.

3. (biology) Imperfectly formed or developed; rudimentary; sterile. [from mid 1700s]

   an abortive organ

   an abortive stamen

   an abortive ovule

4. (medicine, pharmacology, rare) Causing abortion; abortifacient.
   • 1809, Bartholomew Parr, Medical Dictionary:

     abortive medicines

   • 2018 May, Carla Sebastiania, Ludovica Curcioa, Marcella Ciulloa, Deborah Crucianib, Silvia Crottib, Cristina Pescab, Martina Torricellia, Martina Sebastianellia, Andrea Felicic, Massimo Biagetti, “A multi-screening Fast qPCR approach to the identification of abortive agents in ruminants”, in Journal of Microbiological Methods, volume 148, →DOI, page 12:

     Each country may have a different prevalence of infectious abortive agents. The most common agents of abortion in cattle are Brucella spp., Campylobacter spp., Chlamydiaceae, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira spp., […]

5. (medicine) Cutting short; acting to halt or slow the progress (of a disease).

   abortive treatment of typhoid fever

   • 2016 December, David C. Sheridan, Garth D. Meckler, “Inpatient Pediatric Migraine Treatment: Does Choice of Abortive Therapy Affect Length of Stay?”, in The Journal of Pediatrics, volume 179, →DOI, page 211:

     Even with prophylaxis, children often experience episodic breakthrough headaches that require abortive treatment. […] Abortive therapies in the ED include dopamine antagonists and anti-inflammatory agents.

6. (medicine, of a disease) Having a short and mild progression, without pronounced symptoms.
7. Made from the skin of a still-born animal.

   abortive vellum

派生語

名詞

abortive (plural abortives)

1. (obsolete) Someone or something born or brought forth prematurely; an abortion. [Attested from around (1150 to 1350) until the mid 18 century.]
2. (obsolete) A fruitless effort. [Attested from the early 17 century until the early 18 century.]
3. (obsolete) A medicine that causes abortion, an abortifacient.
4. (obsolete) A medicine or treatment acting to halt or slow the progress of a disease.
   • 1897 August 7, E. Viko, “On the Treatment of Typhoid Fever”, in The Journal of the American Medical Association, volume 29, number 6, Chicago, Ill., →DOI, page 274:

     Naphthalin was praised by Rosbach as an abortive in typhoid fever; Kraemer in 1886, Wilcox in 1887, Sehwald in 1889 and Wolff of Philadelphia in 1891 confirmed Rosbach's observations.

動詞

abortive (third-person singular simple present abortives, present participle abortiving, simple past and past participle abortived)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To cause an abortion; to render without fruit. [Attested only in the 17 century.]

参照

• “abortive”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

形容詞

abortīve

1. vocative masculine singular of abortīvus