abnormalとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• anormal, abnormous (obsolete)

語源

From ab- +‎ normal. First attested in 1835, replacing the earlier anormal and even earlier abnormous, from Latin abnormis (“departing from normal”), from either (ab- (“away from”) + norma (“rule, norm”)), or Ancient Greek ἀνώμαλος (anṓmalos).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌæbˈnɔː.məl/
• (General American) IPA: /ˌæbˈnɔɹ.ml̩/, /əbˈnɔɹ.ml̩/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)məl
• ハイフネーション: ab‧nor‧mal

形容詞

abnormal (comparative more abnormal, superlative most abnormal)

1. Not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type. [First attested around the mid 19 century.]
   • 1899, Arthur Conan Doyle, chapter 6, in A Duet:

     And then after an abnormal meal, which was either a very late breakfast or a very early lunch, they drove on to Victoria Station.

   • 1993, Plato, translated by Hugh Tredennick and Harold Tarrant, “Justice and Duty (i): Socrates Speaks at his Trial: the Apology”, in The Last Days of Socrates (Penguin Classics), revised edition, London; New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, →ISBN, page 41:

     Here perhaps one of you might interrupt me and say, 'But what is it that you do, Socrates? How is it that you have been misrepresented like this? Surely all this talk and gossip about you would never have arisen if you had confined yourself to ordinary activities, but only if your behaviour was abnormal. Give us the explanation, if you do not want us to draw our own conclusions.'

2. Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular, behaviour that deviates from norms of social propriety or accepted standards of mental health. [First attested around the early 20 century.]
   • 1904, Jack London, chapter 23, in The Sea-Wolf (Macmillan’s Standard Library), New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap, →OCLC:

     Furuseth was right; I was abnormal, an "emotionless monster," a strange bookish creature, capable of pleasuring in sensations only of the mind.

   • 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 161:

     Many of the so-called rites of these secret societies were so patently ridiculous, that it is quite obvious that they were merely an excuse for men and women to indulge in sex-play and lustful gratification, frequently of an abnormal kind.

同意語

• (not conforming to rule or system; deviating from type): aberrant, anomalous, atypical, exceptional, extraordinary, irregular, preternatural, strange, unusual.

派生語

派生した語

• Cebuano: abnormal
• Norwegian Bokmål: abnormal
• Tagalog: abnormal

名詞

abnormal (plural abnormals)

1. A person or object that is not normal.

参照